Chapter 1654

After hearing this offer, Qin Shiou was greatly disappointed and said, "it's only one million dollars? I thought I could get a price of $120 million. "

Billy and little black stared and almost asked him in unison, "what do you think dollars are? Yen, won or baht? "

Qin Shiou said, "don't look at me with such damn eyes. Do you know yuan Qinghua? Isn't that a thing that can fetch $50 million or $60 million? There are also some official kilns in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the price is also very high. "

Little black shook his head and said, "you don't understand the rules of the porcelain antique collection industry. I know that the yuan blue and white porcelain you said is of course expensive. It is the emperor of porcelain antiques. Those official kilns are also aristocrats in porcelain antiques. Alla PORCELANA can't compare with them, because this kind of porcelain is only a imitation of Chinese porcelain. "

Billy patted Qin Shiou on the shoulder, winked at him and said, "your national pride can rise."

Little black continued his introduction. This time he tried to be concise and comprehensive. He explained alla PORCELANA and other modern European porcelain. As for the history of ceramic antiques in America? Sorry, Native American Indians can burn pottery, but this thing has been eliminated from Chinese art appreciation for a thousand years, and has been eliminated from Europe for several centuries. Therefore, there is no seat for America in this historical introduction.

Firstly, from the Roman Empire, the lead glazed pottery technology of Egypt was introduced into Italy, and continued production until the tin glazed pottery technology was introduced. The production technology of tin glazed pottery was introduced to Italy from the Middle East through Mallorca island in southern Spain. Compared with the technology of lead glazed pottery, the technology of tin glazed pottery was a perfect improvement. Since then, exquisite pottery began to enter the upper class of Europe.

In the Renaissance, the manufacturing technology of tin glazed pottery quickly spread from Italy, first to France, and then to Germany, the Netherlands, Britain and Nordic countries. The main feature of Italian tin glazed pottery is that the color painting decoration was multi-color color painting at first, and then when the gloss color was introduced from Spain, the gloss color was mostly used to make the products show bright colors, such as golden yellow, bright red, dark blue, etc.

When introduced here, little black pointed to the pottery inside. Obviously, the color of these pottery is like this

Continued to develop, the ceramic art in medieval Europe began to develop to the peak, and Venice in the 16th century achieved this. This maritime country took the lead in contacting China by taking advantage of convenient marine transportation and obtained more advanced tin glazed pottery production technology.

The porcelain produced in Venice is not only made in China, but also good at imitating the drawing patterns of Chinese porcelain in the Ming Dynasty, forming a new style with Oriental color. This is the origin of alla PORCELANA. Here 'alla PORCELANA' also has a name, called traditional alla PORCELANA.

Little Blake explained earlier that alla PORCELANA can be translated into tin glazed pottery made by simulation. The word focuses on two places: one is "simulation" and the other is "tin glazed pottery". In addition to Venice at that time, European countries were studying Chinese pottery making technology, and many kinds of simulated tin glazed pottery appeared.

For example, in Germany, in the 1760s, the Hanluo factory in Frankfurt and nearby began to produce tin glazed pottery. They used the manufacturing technology transmitted from the Middle East, but the utensils used Chinese decorative patterns, which can be regarded as one of the simulated tin glazed pottery.

Earlier, in the 1620s, some Italian potters moved to the Netherlands, started the production of tin glazed pottery in the Netherlands, and imitated Chinese Yixing pottery, which is also a kind of simulated tin glazed pottery.

Later, the Dutch East India Company imported a large number of Chinese porcelain, and the domestic pottery decoration completely turned to imitate Chinese blue and white, abandoned the Italian decorative style, and has completely belonged to the simulated tin glazed pottery.

In addition, there is the production of pottery in Britain. In the 1950s, the manufacturing technology of tin glazed pottery was introduced into England from the Netherlands, which eliminated the production of lead glazed pottery. In terms of pottery decoration, British porcelain was influenced by Wanli blue and white porcelain in the Ming Dynasty, which was almost a complete imitation.

There is no doubt that the porcelain produced in that era can be called alla PORCELANA, but in order to distinguish, the porcelain produced in different countries and regions have different names. For example, the pottery production in the Netherlands is concentrated in de forte, and its products are called de Forte pottery; The production of German pottery is better in Nuremberg area, which is called Nuremberg pottery. The name alla PORCELANA is no longer mentioned in these countries and regions. After all, the imitated fake goods have a bad name after all.

Only Venice has always regarded this as an honor. They combined the simplicity and generosity of Oriental porcelain with the brilliance and nobility of European porcelain tradition and specially exported it to France. Before the 16th century, France also widely used lead glazed pottery technology. As soon as alla PORCELANA was introduced into France, it was widely welcomed by the upper class society.

What really promoted the climax of alla PORCELANA production was that in the early 18th century, French King Louis XIV ordered the melting of silver in the palace in order to pay for the expenses in the war of succession to the Spanish throne. Since then, French dignitaries have turned to the use of ceramics. Alla PORCELANA began to be popular in Europe, but the number increased, but the value decreased.

Fortunately, porcelain is light and fragile, which is difficult to preserve. In modern Europe, wars occurred frequently, and most of alla PORCELANA porcelain was destroyed in the war.

After entering the industrial age, the scientific and technological strength of Europe has become stronger and stronger, the ceramic technology has also been improved, and more, better, more beautiful and more practical porcelain has appeared. For example, when the beige pottery of British ceramist Wedgwood came out, it was immediately appreciated by the bureaucrats and nobles of Britain and other countries. Since then, tin glazed pottery has been gradually abandoned, and not many people in alla PORCELANA have used it, The manufacturing process is gradually lost, and its value is gradually improved.

After listening to little black's introduction, Qin Shiou asked, "which country's alla PORCELANA are these porcelain?"

Little Blake said with a smile: "now when it comes to alla PORCELANA, it refers to the traditional imitation porcelain. At that time, the porcelain of other countries had another name. These porcelain didn't know whether they came from Venice or France. If you want to clearly judge their identity, you need to remove all the whale oil and look carefully."