Chapter 1769

Rostowski looked at Gao Yang and said slowly, "so, what are the chips that are really useful to you? They are basic materials."

Gao Yang really didn't understand this. He said curiously, "basic materials?"

Rostowski nodded: "yes, contact materials. For a country, especially an industrial country, basic materials are the most important, especially metal basic materials. This is a country's industrial foundation, high-end equipment manufacturing industry and a country's industrial crown, but you have to have materials to form this crown."

Gao Yang nodded vaguely, while rostowski continued with a smile: "China has developed rapidly in recent years, and the research progress of gas turbine is not slow. However, we still need to import some key parts from Ukraine. Why?"

Gao Yang shook his head, indicating that he didn't understand.

Rostowski laughed: "Because there is a lack of basic technology at some key points, the industry of basic materials needs large investment. Only after a long time of research can some achievements be made. Money can be invested on the one hand, and more importantly, it takes time, and people who don't know can't see the achievements. They think it's a useless industry. Huaxia has developed rapidly in recent years. According to reason, Huaxia can be used Reverse engineering technology makes any complex equipment, such as the aeroengine that has plagued the development of Huaxia in recent years, but why should Huaxia be so troubled? "

I really don't know how important basic materials are, because I didn't understand them before

Rostowski laughed: "Let me give you an example. Once, I was ordered to obtain the key technology of an engine in the United States. Finally, we got back a turbofan engine and gave it to one of our institutions for reverse research. At that time, the direction of technological development was clear. In fighter aircraft, turbojet engine will be replaced by turbofan engine, so the engine I was ordered to bring back was very rare They copied the engine, but in the end, do you know what the result was? "

"What's the result?"

Rostowski shook his head and said with a little helplessness: "They perfectly copied the engine, but the power of the engine is two grades lower than that of the original product. Why? Because the rotor material of the turbine fan is not qualified, because the blade material of the turbine fan is not strong enough to withstand ultra-high temperature and high pressure, the full power output will be damaged, and the active reduction of the output power can be reluctantly used, which is different from the performance of the original product It's two grades short. "

Gao Yang nodded and said in a loud voice, "that's so. However, since we have obtained the real object, it's OK to do it according to the same material as the real object? Metallographic analysis is not very difficult? I don't understand this. Don't laugh."

The black devils all laughed.

Grevatov smiled, "it's not like this. It's not as simple as you think."

"I'd better explain this very high-end metal material. Even if you get the real object and can analyze the specific components, you can't achieve the same effect even if you use the same material," roztowski said with a smile

Rostowski waved to grevatov and said, "give me a piece of paper and a pen. I'll explain to him."

After taking the paper and pen, rostowski drew a picture on the paper and said with a smile: "For the same material, different manufacturing processes and different processes will have different performance. For example, I give the simplest example. A certain steel contains iron, nickel, chromium, tungsten and manganese. You can get the material object and know the composition through analysis. However, you don't know when the tungsten component should be added. It's simple The key part of the casting process is to add all the materials together, or to add nickel when the basic material iron is 1000 degrees Celsius, and then add manganese when it is 1200 degrees Celsius, or vice versa. "

Gao Yang said foolishly, "is it critical?"

Rostowski nodded: "Yes, it's very important, very important. A small difference may lead to great differences in the properties of this material. There is no mistake in the research of basic materials. Failure in one direction may mean success in the other direction. Sometimes, a material with superior performance may be just because of luck. It's really just luck that leads to the discovery and development of a new material Use. "

Gao Yang sighed, "it's so complicated."

"It's really complicated. It takes a long time to invest, no output for a long time, and a lot of money. To be honest, the research on basic materials, especially high-end basic materials, is money burning."

Grevatov said faintly: As like as two peas, the material used in aircraft engines is at least a dozen kinds of alloys, and some components can only account for less than 1/10000. However, the material is not very good without performance. So unless you can get all the production data related to this material, you can get similar materials. For example, why? Because this involves another big field, that is, the level of manufacturing process and the level of purification process, which involves a series of problems and is very complex. "

"Therefore, no matter how fast China develops and how rich it is, it sometimes has to be subject to some seemingly insignificant small problems, because when it comes to high-end basic materials, you can only study, try and experiment bit by bit, which takes time."

Grevatov said expressionless: "Just like the service life of the Soviet fighter engine is 1000 hours, while the service life of the American engine has reached more than 10000 hours, which is the result of different understanding of the war and different concepts of equipment use and research. However, if the service life can be improved, it will not be too expensive. Of course, we hope to extend the overhaul interval and increase the service life But no, the materials can't compare with the United States, while the Soviet Union has surpassed the United States in the application of titanium alloy. For example, the United States is not as strong as the Soviet Union and the United States is not as strong as the Soviet Union when using titanium alloy to make nuclear submarines. Is American science and technology not developed enough? No, they just haven't found the right direction. Maybe one day, they will suddenly be able to do it, because they have made a breakthrough 。”

Gao Yang nodded repeatedly and said, "thank you for your science popularization. Now I understand, that is, I should start in this area?"

Rostowski nodded: "yes, you should pay attention to this aspect, and you are lucky, because I can tell you what are the real good things in Ukraine, especially the good things suitable for you."