Chapter 1204

At the beginning, science is a kind of human activity formed by induction.

A bonfire was lit in the evening. Some insects hit the fire. They picked it up and chewed it. Then they thought, why do some insects hit the fire foolishly? Is it because they're stupid? Or? Is it because God knows I'm hungry, so he sends me worms to eat?

After a long period of summing up, people who eat insects finally come to a conclusion, because no matter what I do, insects will bump into the fire, so, obviously, it's not because of God's reason, so, it's because insects are stupid.

Later, it was found that many insects were guided by moonlight, so that they were misdirected to the light source, which confirmed the conclusion that insects were stupid.

The process of three steps, conjecture, induction, confirmation and final conclusion, is the way of most scientific research.

G Protein coupled receptors are very high-end, but the research process is actually the same.

It's like climbing the Himalayas, which requires all kinds of equipment and preparation, but in the final analysis, it's not fundamentally different from climbing Mount Tai or the village next door.

However, there are high-end reasons.

Like the GPCR, it's stuck in the first step.

Guess.

Yes, just like humans don't know about Mars, they can only guess what's on it, what's underground and what's in it. For humans, GPCR is also in the process of complicated speculation.

People put forward all kinds of conjectures, and they don't know whether they have missed one million conjectures that may be correct.

So, how to solve this problem?

Like ancient humans, we observe.

More, more, more observation

Before bovine rhodopsin, human beings did not even have the opportunity to observe.

Because G protein coupled receptors are very unstable, difficult to extract, difficult to isolate, difficult to purify, and even more difficult to observe

Things in the micro world are so troublesome that you can't clip them out with tweezers. Even if you have such abilities, you don't know which one to clip out? Because you can't recognize it.

For nanoproteins, the only way to observe them is to make them into solutions, continuously dilute them, and then extract a small amount of solutions for observation.

For example, dissolve 2G protein powder in 100ml liquid... However, the problem of protein aggregation needs to be solved, and for G protein coupled receptor, the more troublesome part is still behind.

This product is unstable. It will collapse in solution.

Think about it. A single research dog gave up the Mid Autumn Festival, had no Christmas Eve, forgot Christmas, and could not celebrate the Spring Festival. Finally, on February 14, with the speed of many years of practice, before a furnace of warm G-protein coupled receptors could react, he shot them under the microscope, and then

They still broke down.

It's useless to find out the shadow area. That's an exercise for junior high school students. The shadow area is the projection area of an object. Unless the object is regular, the projection area can't be used to find the volume.

For the volume of the irregular body of despair, the best reference is Archimedes

Put the object into the water, the volume of water discharged is the volume of the object.

But what if despair dissolves in water? What if despair collapses in the solution? Why can't I find a solution that doesn't react with despair?

How desperate!!

In a word, before bovine rhodopsin, human observation of G protein coupled receptor is such a dead cycle.

Even observation is a dead cycle, and even one step of conjecture can not be fully carried out. It can be imagined that the following summary and confirmation is how blind people feel the elephant.

However, the result of a little fragmentation is better than none.

Even such fragmentation results, the Nobel Prize is also generous to give, also gave several.

When bovine rhodopsin was born.

There are enough moths, we can have a good meal... No, we can have a good observation.

But, after all, Da Na is da Na.

Dana is never satisfied.

So, there is always a lab can't help thinking: a kind of moth doesn't feel enough, will it be monotonous to eat every day, and what to do in case of constipation.In addition, it's only the observation stage, and we don't know how many samples we need to observe, so we haven't entered the white hot stage.

In fact, what we have to enter after all is to see how many kinds of proteins we can spell.

If some laboratories find better observation objects, or more observation objects, they can get twice the result with half the effort in the next scientific research competition.

However, Yang Rui is very clear that they think too much.

Bovine rhodopsin is the best.

In a way, it's unique.

The remaining few varieties that can barely be used, or the varieties found next, are either too expensive, or not easy to use, or the sources are not wide enough - it doesn't matter to change to other scientific research projects, use more expensive varieties, or use fewer varieties. Anyway, the funds are enough, and it will be over after a while.

Unfortunately, the three-dimensional structure of GPCR is too lucky.

2 It's good to buy 5 million yuan as an entertainment project, but it's too much to fight for luck when the goal is extended to 20 million dollars.

Therefore, in the conjecture stage, enough observation is essential.

From the beginning, Yang Rui sent Su xiankai, who is most familiar with the project and has the strongest comprehensive strength, to make bovine rhodopsin, because he knows what the core of the problem is.

Su xiankai, as an active calf and a great bull of later generations, his creativity was also quickly stimulated.

All kinds of dry powder culture medium, trypsin, bovine serum, and fresh bovine eye were sent to the North China ion channel laboratory. After cryogenic centrifuge, automatic gel chromatography, protein analyzer, and then sent to a tunnel microscope, the whole process was decomposed by Su Xiankai step by step.

Any production behavior is like this, constantly decompose steps, constantly improve proficiency, and then continuously increase production.

At the same time, as a laboratory and researcher, Su xiankai was not satisfied with the simple production.

He insisted on simplifying steps and even developing better production methods.

Yang Rui also admired this.

Another researcher, who is in the same position as Su xiankai, may be willing to start simple production. Maybe in a few years, such a researcher will become a simple research worker.

Su xiankai is not.

He made great efforts to do research, starting from making clear each production step, and then doing optimization step by step. Yang Rui could not copy these works directly from the book, so Su xiankai also did fruitful work.

The production of bovine rhodopsin also doubled.

2 Times.

4 Times.

8 Times.

Compared with the initial production capacity, Su xiankai has unexpectedly increased it to as much as ten times.

This number also far exceeds the first-class laboratories abroad.

Yang Rui was also quietly relieved.

Catching up and Surpassing in an all-round way is never accomplished in an instant. However, as long as the basic indicators catch up, the follow-up indicators will be no weaker.

Of course, it is not Yang Rui's goal just to catch up with and surpass foreign first-class laboratories.

At the meeting that week, Yang Rui put forward the request again and wrote it directly on the blackboard in the meeting room: "congratulations on the new high production of bovine rhodopsin proteome, please make persistent efforts to increase the production by ten times!"

Su xiankai was so busy that he came into the meeting room. The moment he saw the handwriting on the blackboard, he lost the courage to breathe.

"You just strangle me." Su xiankai lay down on the chair and didn't want to move.

……