Chapter 354

Yuan pengchi pondered for a while and said, "I don't know much about machinery and heavy industry, so I dare not jump to a conclusion in this respect."

"But as far as I know, almost all agricultural machinery in our country are imported, not including tractors."

"Mr. Zhang, if you want to buy it from abroad, it's not a big problem, but the parts and maintenance after damage need people, and it also needs people to drive these machines."

"At present, farmers in our country have no such ability."

"In other words, given the machinery, they can't open it. If they learn to open it, they can't fix any problems."

"Small problems can be repaired by a few masters, but for bigger problems, those masters in rural and urban areas can hardly repair them."

"To put it mildly, even if you go to the provincial capital city, you may not be able to find a suitable repairman. You have never seen this kind of machinery."

"Even if you meet a great master, you can repair it several times, but there are no spare parts in China."

"In a word, our biggest problem in mechanized production is people, it's machinery."

"Even if our country does not have the ability of R & D and production, it must at least have the ability of use and maintenance."

Zhang Qianxiu was stunned and said, "Professor Yuan, what do you mean is that we should first develop industry to develop agriculture?"

"That's about what it means!" Yuan pengchi said: "at present, the most mechanized country in the world is the Soviet Union, and the second is the United States. The heavy industry of these two countries is very powerful."

"I'd like to add a digression. Heavy industry is the foundation of a country, and light industry is the economy of a country. In fact, our country, whether it is heavy industry or light industry, is still in its infancy."

"In fact, the country also wants to develop agricultural mechanization, but it does not solve the basic problems of heavy industry. Agricultural mechanization is full of difficulties. It depends on foreign countries from production to maintenance. If we only use and carry out daily maintenance, it may not be as cost-effective as farmers planting land with their own hands."

At this time, Zhang Qianxiu completely realized that if the basic industry could not develop, it would be very difficult for you to do anything.

Yesterday, Zhang Qianxiu chatted with Tian Shuyuan and found that the domestic high-tech field was clamped down by foreign countries everywhere. Today, when he chatted with yuan pengchi, he found that even the most basic ones were contained.

Even if you buy a machine, there is no way to repair it if there is a problem. How helpless!

Zhang Qianxiu couldn't help sighing. He suddenly felt a little dull. He couldn't do heavy industry any more, and he didn't have so much energy.

He is engaged in chips, agriculture and heavy industry. When he goes to heavy industry, he finds that the materials are not up to standard. Is he going to engage in steel smelting again? To study new materials? We can't do this again because we are backward in machinery and technology.

Zhang Qianxiu is fully aware that this is a dead cycle, one link after another. You will find that your last industry has been surpassed and contained by foreign countries when you do any industry.

Zhang Qianxiu couldn't help asking: "Professor Yuan, can I ask a bold question?"

Yuan pengchi said, "Mr. Zhang, ask!"

"What is the use of agricultural research in our country?" After asking, Zhang Qianxiu said, "I don't mean to offend you. I'm just curious about what agricultural research is about."

Yuan pengchi explained: "the world is an ecology. What we do in agricultural research is to make all kinds of crops produce more, taste better and be healthier without destroying the ecology."

"Mr. Zhang, don't underestimate a single seed. They are all talking about excellent varieties. In fact, this is a process of cultivation."

"Do you know what wild corn is like? It's corn that grows naturally in nature

Although Zhang Qianxiu was from the countryside, he didn't know what the wild corn was like. He shook his head and said, "I don't know!"

Yuan pengchi stretched out his index finger: "it's just so big. Farmers leave the plump ones as seeds, and each generation selects the best. Gradually, the corn grows bigger and bigger, and it becomes what we see now."

"Almost all the crops we see, wild varieties and our cultivated varieties are very different. Some of them you don't know are actually some crops we often eat."

"What we study agriculture is to cultivate higher yield varieties of our current crops, which involves more than the simple matter of selecting large grain seeds."

"We also have to study the relationship between various insects, small animals and plants."

"We should also study the pathology of various plant diseases, and find out what methods can be used to contain, improve and treat them, which will not affect the yield of crops, and the solutions should not be harmful to the people who eat them."

"Then we have to study the soil and so on."

"In a word, as I said before, the purpose of our agricultural research is to do everything possible to improve the yield and quality of crops."

Zhang Qianxiu suddenly thought of a question and asked, "Professor Yuan, is there a new variety of everything we eat now?"

Yuan pengchi said: "there are new varieties and different varieties."

"How do these varieties come from?" Zhang Qianxiu asked.

Yuan pengchi said: "not to mention genetic technology, we basically rely on plant mutation to cultivate new varieties, and then collect their seeds for continuous seed cultivation."

"Mutation has natural mutation, but it takes a long time; There are induced mutations in a relatively short period of time. Induced mutation means that the external environment is used to affect the growth of plants, both physically and chemically. "

"Chemical mutation, nuclear radiation mutation, light mutation, and these have different branches."

"When we want to mutate a crop, we can choose natural mutation and induced mutation."

"Natural mutation does not need to be explained, that is, gene mutation in natural environment."

"To induce mutation, we can use chemicals for stimulation, or use appropriate amount of nuclear radiation, light and so on to stimulate plant gene mutation."

"Light mutation we can choose different light, such as laser, the wavelength and power of light have an impact on plants, and the time of light and so on."

"Like us, we may be able to cultivate many varieties in our lifetime, but a good variety is already very good."

Zhang Qianxiu asked, "is it the same with animals?"

Yuan pengchi said: "in terms of animals, crossbreeding is common. For example, there are many breeds of pigs. The offspring of two different breeds of pigs may have disadvantages, but their offspring can combine their advantages."

Zhang Qianxiu thought of a problem, that is, in his last life, he always felt that he couldn't eat the taste of his childhood. Pork, chicken, vegetables and so on seemed to be not delicious, but the yield increased greatly. Maybe the varieties he used to eat had long gone, and became improved varieties.

After the improvement, the yield increased, but the taste changed.

There is nothing wrong with Zhang Qianxiu's conjecture. After the 21st century, there will be almost no radish of the 1990s.

Not only white radish, but also cabbage, rice, carrot, corn and so on.

Although they all look the same, the seeds are all mutated, then carefully cultivated in the experimental field for several generations, and then put on the market and planted on a large scale.

Pork, not to mention, the original native pig, may be fed five catties of feed, a catty of meat, up to one or two hundred catties long, lean meat is still less, only 20%; Later pigs fed two catties of feed can grow a catty, can have more than 50% lean meat.

Gradually, no one raised those native pigs. Basically, they all called Sanyuan pigs. Sanyuan pigs are actually imported pigs.

Later, the state began to protect local pig breeds to avoid extinction, but everyone was concerned about technology and entertainment, and few people would care about these things. Except for the employees, no one cared about the seeds of crops and what kind of pork they ate.

That's why when you go to the supermarket to buy meat, some of them cost 20 yuan a catty, while local pork costs 50, 60 or even 80, 90 yuan.

Selec's seed technology is one of the most powerful countries in the world. They have been cultivating new seeds. The main reason why their seed technology is so powerful is that their country's desert area has reached 67%, and there is a serious lack of arable land and fresh water resources. Their official support for agriculture is very strong.

With such a wide desert area, seles produce 95% of their own food. Only part of their food is imported because of the local climate. Every year they export a large number of flowers, vegetables, melons and fruits to Europe.

Later, in the development of space and aviation in China, we often see the news that we have taken all kinds of seeds into space. In fact, we are making use of the special environment of space to make the seeds mutate, and then select excellent varieties for large-scale promotion and planting.

After hearing yuan pengchi's words, Zhang Qianxiu felt the idea of developing seeds: "Professor Yuan, is this mutation seed not harmful to human body?"

Yuan pengchi gently smile, said: "mutation breeding is actually very uncertain, because the mutation is unpredictable, but there is a certain difference between plant mutation and animal gene mutation, and if it can be popularized on a large scale, there will certainly be no problem."

"Moreover, even if rice is planted in its own field, mutation may occur."

"When Emperor Kangxi discovered a high-quality mutant rice ear, and finally brought it back for cultivation, and cultivated high-yield rice?"

Zhang Qianxiu asked tentatively, "Professor Yuan, if we vigorously develop seed technology, can we also greatly increase the yield?"

Yuan pengchi nodded: "this is for sure. At present, all the countries in the world that have the ability to do this research are cultivating new seeds. But as I said before, there is uncertainty in seed mutation. Only after a lot of trial and error can a good variety be cultivated. "

Zhang Qianxiu and Yuan pengchi had been chatting until the afternoon. The chat with yuan pengchi made Zhang Qianxiu feel that his trip was not in vain.

As far as yuan pengchi's research is concerned, it's farming and planting things that he will never understand.

Zhang Qianxiu felt that he had to correct his grain and oil business plan. Although he was from the countryside, he only found out after chatting with yuan pengchi that at most he was a person who had seen farming and did not understand agriculture at all.