Chapter 374

According to the theory of chemical origin, life is born on the planet and evolved from inorganic matter. It divides the origin of life into four stages: first, the stage from inorganic small molecules to organic small molecules; second, the stage from organic small molecules to biological macromolecules; third, the stage from biological macromolecules to multi-molecular system; fourth, the stage from organic multi-molecular system to primitive life.

The most important point is that the genetic material that can replicate itself. At present, only DNA and RNA are found on various planets. Maybe humans are too ignorant and have not experienced enough planets, or maybe this is the fact of the universe.

Some people think it's incredible, why do different planets have the same structure of matter? In order to better explain this point, there is a very famous mathematical game called "life game".

The basic idea of "life game" is to give an initial configuration, and then formulate some basic rules to observe the evolution of life, whether there will be a series of similarities.

At the beginning, all the cells were randomly distributed in the large grid, and the evolution rules were very simple, with only four short rules.

1. "Overpopulation": any living cell will die if there are less than two living neighbors around it.

2, "normal": if any living cell has two or three living neighbors, it will continue to live.

3, "overpopulation": any living cell that has more than three living neighbors will die.

4. "Reproduction": any dead cell that has exactly three living neighbors will survive.

Such simple rules will evolve into extremely complex dynamic images, and these dynamic images will form very strange dynamic laws.

What do you mean?

In other words, through this game, we can explain that some very simple rules can evolve into extremely complex structures, which has a lot in common with the birth and reproduction of life.

Each planet's craters, seafloor, these initial environment is almost the same. High pressure and humid environment provide the same rules for the birth of life.

Under these rules, simple organic matter is randomly combined into complex organic matter.

These complex chemicals can further synthesize DNA, RNA and other self replicating genetic materials, thus explaining the universality of life in the universe. It also explains why all the creatures we meet have genetic material.

Even though there are great differences in the types of genetic material, they are still species centered on genetic material.

"Unfortunately, we haven't found the original DNA and RNA, that is, the simplest genetic material that can replicate itself Otherwise, this hypothesis will really become a theorem. "

This discussion was initiated by Professor Yamamoto of the illusory laboratory and some geography experts in the Riley star scientific research.

Zhang Yuan is just an ordinary audience.

He frowned and didn't know what Yamamoto was going to say, so he raised his hand and asked, "Professor Yamamoto, time is limited. I want to ask what you said about the mass extinction. Is there any scientific experiment on Riley civilization without approval? Especially the biological virus experiment.... "

"You know, although there is no content about alien civilization in our current law, this is a big loophole. But random biochemical experiments are not allowed by morality... "

"Sir, I know, I know, I swear I will not make a mistake in this respect." Yamamoto stood on the stage, a little impatient, perhaps because there are too many black histories, and people around him all came with suspicious eyes.

He quickly replied: "listen to me first, it won't take up too much of your time."

"The example I just gave is the game of life..."

There are various patterns about "life game" on the screen. "There are 256 rules in this game. Under each rule, due to different initial conditions, the final result is also different."

"But the rules that it can form are still limited, which are: the change ends in a constant image, the periodic change appears, the image change is almost random, and the image has some complex rules."

"If we compare this two-dimensional game with a civilization in a two-dimensional world, can we understand it like this: change ends in a constant image, which means that a civilization is completely solidified and no longer changes."

"There are periodic changes, that is, there is a phenomenon of historical samsara. Although the image is dynamic, there is no progress. These two categories are all mediocre civilizations in the view of new civilization historiography. "

"Image changes are almost random, and there are some complex laws in the image. These two situations have the possibility of non mediocrity. Our new civilization historiography just wants to penetrate this kind of complex law... "

"Don't forget that there are only a few simple rules that support the operation of the life game. And we usually believe that the laws that support the operation of the universe should also be concise. Can we get some inspiration from them? "Zhang Yuan frowned and thought. Yes, this is just the simplest two-dimensional image. The real civilization of the universe is much more complicated than the two-dimensional image But in some ways, can a civilized individual also be compared to a three-dimensional geometry composed of certain laws?

This is a very new perspective, many mathematicians have been lost in meditation.

But it's too hard to really crack these mysteries.

Yamamoto continued: "by the way, everyone, this meeting is not about the history of new civilization, but about the spontaneous extinction of species on this planet."

Mass extinction?

A small number of people at the bottom have just heard about this topic and come back to it.

He didn't care. From a box, he took out something thick and thin like a finger and made experiments on the spot.

"You see, this is the heart of the world tree, the hardest part. The hearts of these trees come from a small 15-year-old tree, which is as tough as steel. Without the hearts, the world tree could not have grown so tall. Please rest assured that we have undergone special sterilization treatment, and you can observe it closely. "

Zhang Yuan took a small section of the tree heart handed over by the staff and broke it hard. Its hardness was very high. Even if he exhausted all his strength, he didn't even bend at all.

"It's really good material."