Chapter 347

In the face of Mr. Dmitri's question, Lena was silent.

Clare looked uneasily at Lena. She saw that Lena seemed to be thinking. After about a minute, she said.

"To be exact, President Dmitry, I think the photoelectric effect reflects the particle nature of light."

He seems to repeat redundant words, but let the two high-level mages think a lot.

"Partiality?"

Mr. field, aware of the peculiarity of Reiner's words, asked.

"You mean light has the properties of particles, but it's not a particle?"

"I'm not sure about my conjecture for the moment. As we all know, light can interfere and diffract, which is the characteristic of waves. But in the photoelectric effect, light shows the characteristic of particles, which is the reason for the dispute. According to the principle of razor, we should not assume that light is complex, so the focus of debate is which side light belongs to."

He could not determine the wave particle duality of light, so he did not dare to propose the concept.

Even the most knowledgeable high-level mages must not be able to quickly accept the crazy idea that light is a wave and a particle. What's more, the two factions have been arguing for a long time, and they certainly don't want an ambiguous answer.

"But isn't it possible that light is a wave with particle properties, or a particle with wave properties?"

Lena's words were like a bolt from the blue, which stunned the two high-level mages.

"No such substance has been found so far."

Mr. field said bitterly that the alchemists of the Department of alchemy are at the forefront of the analysis of matter, but now there is no matter that has two properties at the same time, as lainer said.

Definition is often more difficult than discovery because it will serve as a benchmark.

"Well, at least, the photoelectric effect proves that light has the properties of particles, and that Stein's formula and Stein's constant are correct."

Reiner nodded that he lacks a certain means to verify it, but he already knows another application of Stein's formula.

"The theory of energy discontinuity is correct and verifiable, gentlemen. I think this theory can solve a problem we are facing at present."

Continuing to argue about whether light is a wave or a particle doesn't work, so Lehner brings up another study.

"What's the problem?"

President Demetrius has not yet been relieved from Lena's casual speculation. The theory of light fluctuation and the theory of particles last for many years. Unless there is clear evidence to prove it, it is difficult for mages to accept that light has the characteristics of both.

Hearing that Lena had a new way of thinking, President Dmitry stopped worrying and asked in a hurry.

"Questions about the atomic model."

When Lena moved his finger a little, the Stein's formula and the corresponding photoelectric equation in midair disappeared immediately, and turned into an atomic model.

In this model, the nucleus is a small point, and the periphery, countless electrons gallop around the nucleus to make a circular motion. This is the nuclear model derived from the current theory.

"This is the atomic model recognized by the mages now, which can basically explain the problems in the gold foil experiment, but it also leaves some doubts."

Lena said, making the two members of the elemental series nod slightly.

"First of all, the trajectory of electrons in this model can not be confirmed. Although the theoretical orbit can be calculated by mass and charge, it can not explain why the properties of elements change periodically if electrons are distributed in the same orbit."

This question is very simple. The properties of elements will show periodicity, so there must be some similarities between the atoms of elements with similar properties. If the quality of nuclei is different, we can only find the law from the electron side.

If the electrons are in the same orbit sphere, then which electron is in which orbit, how to determine, and by what different elements form periodicity, are all open questions.

Some people speculate that electrons are like planets around stars, scattered in different orbits, and do not interfere with each other, but this can not explain why these electrons are so secure.

In addition, according to the Newington Holland equations, when the electron revolves around the atomic nucleus, it will inevitably release electromagnetic waves. At the same time, the energy of the electron will gradually decrease, and eventually fall to the atomic nucleus and destroy it. However, this is not consistent with the experimental phenomenon, and the atom will not have the situation of rapid reduction of electrons.

Finally, when analyzing the spectra of the atoms of some elements, the mages found that the spectra of these atoms showed several clear spectral lines, contrary to the statement that the electronic orbits were consistent.

"What do you think?"

Mr. field also has some research on atomic models. He has deep feelings about these problems. His intuition tells him that he may need some new ideas or theories to solve these problems.

"I'm thinking about whether we can apply the energy discontinuity theory to the atomic model."Lena said, waving his finger, the original atomic model immediately changed, although the electron still revolves around the nucleus, but has separated many layers.

"The energy of microscopic particles can not be changed continuously, so the electrons are actually distributed in several certain orbits. The motion in this orbit will not lose energy, nor can it get energy. It is a stable state. According to the calculation, the electron nearest to the nucleus has the lowest energy, while the one far away has the highest energy."

Listening to Lena's explanation, the two high-level mages were stunned. They knew the theory of energy discontinuity and the atomic model, but they did not expect that the two could be combined in this way.

"When an electron gets energy, it will change its orbit and move outward. This movement is called a transition. Obviously, with the change of energy, it will release or absorb energy in the form of electromagnetic wave. I think the relationship between the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave and the energy should be able to meet the Stein constant."

In fact, this is also the explanation of the photoelectric effect in the atomic model,

without leaving too much time to think, Lena continued to speak in a hurry.

"At the same time, the periodicity of elements should be related to the arrangement of the outer layer of electrons. If we make spectral analysis on them, we should be able to determine the orbits of each electron through the wavelength of the spectral line, and carry out calculation. If we meet the Stein formula, then this conjecture can be confirmed."

President Dmitry and Mr. field understood the meaning of a series of theories and verification methods put forward by Lena almost immediately when they heard them.

They looked at each other and then at Lena.

"Let's do the experiment now."

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