Chapter 465： Buy and draw

The negotiations between the three countries soon reached an impasse. The French demanded the annexation of Italy, and Austria proposed the merger of the German Federation. This was not acceptable to the British.

In this way, it is equivalent to releasing two great empires at the same time. Although France and Austria are originally great empires, the British still do not want to see the two countries continue to grow.

If both France and Austria complete their respective strategic plans, Britain's world supremacy will be unstable.

You know, France and Austria have never formally acknowledged the British hegemony, and there have always been voices challenging the British hegemony within the two countries.

It is not 20 years ago. At that time, the total British industry exceeded the total of Europe. The absolute gap in national strength made the British dominate.

However, with the completion of the industrial revolution, this gap has gradually narrowed. Relying on the advantages of human resources, the total amount of industry in Austria is now almost on par with the British.

The French are not much worse than the British. It is estimated that after the annexation of Italy, France's total industry will be able to surpass the British in three or five years.

This is the advantage of large area and large population. Although it is still less than per capita, it can't stand more people!

Austria's native population is already as high as 69.76 million, which can pass the 70 million mark within the year; once France annexes Italy, the total population will exceed 54 million.

The total population of the British Isles is only over 32 million. Their birth rate is about 3.5%, far exceeding that of France, but lower than Austria.

This gap will not be seen in the short term, and the consequences will be catastrophic over time.

There will never be a shortage of smart people in this world. Naturally, some people can see the impact of population on national strength.

It is just that many people in the London government have been taken aback by Malthus's "Population Theory", neglecting the advancement of productivity in the industrial age and the advent of the colonial era, which increased the population capacity.

The Irish famine happened under this theory. The government bureaucrats believed that there were enough people in the British Isles and deliberately waited to see the famine happen.

This theory is actually true. The population that land can hold is really limited, but Malthus was a man of the last century, calculated according to feudal standards.

The industrial era is different. According to estimates by Austrian population experts, the local population can be doubled, and the colonies can support 200 million people.

Franz Franz is not clear, anyway, he directly used this number, otherwise how to encourage fertility?

Of course, there are few British people, mainly because the local population is small, not to say that there are fewer British people. There are still a lot of English people overseas, otherwise the colonial empire will not be able to support it.

The deadlock in the negotiations was everyone's expectation. The alliance between the major powers involves too many benefits, and it is not clear in a short time. It is normal to drag in for several years.

The alliance between France and Austria actually dragged on for many years. As early as after the French Revolution in 1848, both sides were discussing this issue.

Midway because the French regime changed, the alliance was also interrupted. In the late 1960s, with the continuous changes in the international situation, it provided opportunities for France and Austria to move closer.

Negotiations are back to negotiations, and the black hands should be played, but everyone has tacitly converged.

Franz cancelled plans to occupy British South Africa, and the British abandoned their strategy of uniting Portugal to drive Austria out of South Africa.

But the battle continues around the two Boer republics. Now it cannot be said that it is a Boer republic. Unconsciously, German has become the local mainstream.

No need to promote, even if the number of people speaking is mainstream. The governments of the two Boer republics are also helpless, and they do not want this, but there is no way.

Since the birth of the Boer people, it has been full of strong German flavor and cannot be washed away at all.

There is no way, even the Netherlands in this era was deeply influenced by Germanic culture, let alone their mixed race?

In 1830, about 12,000 Dutch were unwilling to accept British rule, and relocated to establish two Boer republics.

To increase their population, they accepted European immigrants. About ten thousand immigrants from the German region arrived in more than ten years, and some French missionaries came over, so the Boer people were born.

By the mid-19th century, the total population of the two Boer republics exceeded 30,000.

Beginning in 1856, the history of the Boer Republic changed, and a large influx of German immigrants changed the demographics of these two countries.

It was impossible to exclude German immigrants. At that time, half of the Boers had German descent, and if they were not good, they had civil strife.

Then assimilation is good, despite the efforts of the governments of the two Boer Republics, they still cannot withstand the immigration from Germany.

In the end, the assimilation was successful, but contrary to the original plan. As the conflict between Britain and India increased, the two Boer republics that needed to hold their thighs had to move closer to Austria.

Political changes, the two Boer Republican governments directly abandoned the original plan, and German became mainstream.

The situation has reached this stage, the two Boer republics have become German states, and the Austrian rivers will sooner or later.

Franz attaches great importance to South Africa, aside from fertile land, gold alone is an indispensable part of Austria's future strategy.

No one will give up currency hegemony. The British are tinkering with the "sterling-gold system", the French are building a "franc system", and Austria is no exception. They are establishing the "Aegis-gold system".

Who can become the final winner depends not only on industry, but also on who has a large amount of gold in his hands. Not enough gold, what gold standard hegemony is still in contention?

This has nothing to do with ambition. Franz was initially unprepared to compete with the British for currency hegemony, but with the development of strength, interest is forcing Austria to move forward.

Even if the government does not move, capital will move by itself. Now that the international currency hegemony has not yet reached the point of view, the financial capital of the three countries is about to become popular.

Unlike the struggle for world hegemony, the battle for currency hegemony is much more subtle, and ordinary people have not even noticed that the battle has begun.

In this round of time and space, the British took advantage of the Franco-Prussian war to take the opportunity to wreak havoc on France and won the final victory.

Of course, the French as the loser also got a piece of meat, the franc became the international hard currency second only to the pound sterling, and the remaining countries were forced.

As the emerging German power, the German Empire did not receive enough gold when it reformed the gold standard, and was finally forced to compromise with the British.

In the battle for currency hegemony in Britain, France, and Austria, the French lacking gold have taken the lead. Although they have drawn Switzerland, Belgium, and the Italian states to form the Latin Monetary Union, they have not changed all this.

John Bull already owns gold in Australia and Canada, Austria gets most of the gold in West Africa, and the French do not have enough gold. They still adhere to the gold-silver compound standard.

If it wasn't for the French, and there was nothing worthy of Franz's peep, he would have to consider exposing Alaska's gold and then trade with Napoleon III.

After all, after mastering South Africa's gold, Austria's "Aegis-Gold System" has stabilized. To enjoy currency hegemony, Austria's strength is not enough.

No, it should be said that Franz liked it, and the French would not give it; France could give it, and Franz looked down on it.

There is no way out, the transaction cannot proceed. If a traverser looks at the map, he will find the top ten gold mines in the world, more than half of which are in the Austrian control area.

...

After the fresh rain, the air was exceptionally fresh. The dark clouds on President Pretorias did not disperse, and the wrinkles on his forehead increased a few more.

He was also the man of the times in Africa in this era. He became President of the Republic of Transvaal in 1857, and was elected President of the Free State of Orange in 1859. At the same time, he was the president of two countries, which also set a precedent for history.

Pretoriaus Jr., born in 1819, became president when he was less than thirty years old, reaching the pinnacle of his life, and now he should be in a spirited mood.

However, the opposite is true. This is the third pre-elected president of Pretoria, Jr., who has long lost his original spirit, leaving only his face full of sorrow.

His merger of the Republic of Transvaal and the Orange Free State failed again. Unlike before, this time it was a complete failure, and there was no next chance.

There was no way, the Vienna government opposed the establishment of the Republic of South Africa. The dignitaries of the Bourgeoisie who have been associated with Austria have not hesitated to sell the government.

Now the two sides are discussing the price. As long as the interests are appropriate, the Republic of Transvaal and the Orange Free State will soon become history, and his term of office will end soon.

Pretoriaus Jr. planned to merge Transvaal and Aukan Free State, establish the Republic of South Africa, and then join the Shinra Empire as a country.

Unfortunately, this plan was opposed by the Vienna government. The emperor did not want to see the republic appear, and this reason left him speechless.

If nothing else, Transvaal and the Orange Free State would become members of Austrian Africa and then become part of the Empire through localization.

People are selfish, Transvaal and the Orange Free State are small countries, and they have no bargaining power at all.

As an emerging country, everyone's sense of identity is not strong. Especially the newly joined German immigrants have a higher degree of identification with Shen Luo than the Republic.

There are too many smart people, and everyone knows that instead of fighting for the interests of the new country, it is better to fight for their own interests, so that they can get more benefits.

There are not many opportunities to step into the aristocracy, and such opportunities must not be missed. As for Transvaal and Orange Free State, can the two Caotai teams compare with the Shinra Empire?

Don't promise? Then you do not need to agree, the people below will take your place.

"Public opinion" is not even a problem. Now the procession of petitions outside proves that joining Shen Luo is in line with the wishes of the public.

The clever little Pretorias won't do the mantra blocking the car. With Austria's influence in Transvaal and Orange, it's too easy to change presidents.

It was not that he did not work hard. In order to reduce the influence of Austria, after Pretoria Jr. took office, he also worked very hard to introduce Dutch immigrants, but he was opposed by the Dutch government.

The reason is very simple. The Netherlands is just a small country with a limited population. The government is busy expanding in the Nanyang region. Immigrants to Indonesia are not enough. How can it support them?

In this case, Pretoriaius Jr. was powerless. They obviously didn't get a return on their investment. The Bol republic, sandwiched between Britain and Austria, was doomed from the beginning.

Pretoriaus Jr. asked with interest: "Karen, how are they doing with the Austrians?"

As a president, he was not qualified to go to the negotiating table and had to say that it was a tragedy.

There is no way, who asked President Pretorias Jr. to advocate: the merger of Transvaal and the Orange Free State to establish the Republic of South Africa, and then negotiate with the Austrians.

The Vienna government ignored him at all and directly bypassed the president, sending people to talks with the power factions within the Boer Republic.

There is no way around it, including the predecessors of President Pretorias Jr., who have not refused Austria's appeal.

In front of the interests, everyone's temperance has been reduced. Those who cooperate actively have the opportunity to become nobles, and can continue to dominate in the new era of the future.

If they stand in the wrong team, they will be marginalized in the new round of power shuffling.

In this age of weak meat and strong food, once they are eliminated from the game, there is no need for others to do so, and their companions will devour their interests.

Anyhow, Pretorius Jr. is the president. As a banner figure, as long as he does not openly oppose it, the Vienna government will properly arrange it for the sake of eating.

To know that Pretoria Jr. could become president, not only because of his father's political legacy, but also his own political ability was also an important factor.

He couldn't twist his thighs, he understood. Since it cannot be stopped, we must find ways to participate in it, and it is necessary to pay attention to the negotiation process.

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