Chapter 489： The root of the industrial revolution-cost

After Christmas, Britain and Austria have acknowledged the French Empire, which is a default for the annexation of Italy by France.

Affected by this, European countries also recognized the legitimacy of France in 1871 and resumed diplomatic relations with France. Napoleon III finally got rid of diplomatic dilemmas.

The international tension surrounding the annexation of Italy by France ended here. But the impact is far-reaching.

Undercurrents began to surge, ambitionists became active, expansion became the theme of the times, and many small European countries lost their sense of security.

The era of imperialism has come to an end, and the French's approach this time has once again refreshed the bottom line of the powers. From now on, powerful nations can annex a sovereign state without any excuses.

The shame is no longer needed. Weak meat and strong food have never been so vivid. The rules of the game have become even more detrimental to weak countries.

I don't know who released the news of the alliance between Britain, France and Austria, which has made the international situation that has just eased again tense. At this moment, the rest of the European countries could not sit still, and the foreign ministries of the three countries, Britain, France and Austria, were lively.

Even Alexander II, who was busy with internal reforms, personally sent a telegram asking. It's impossible to keep it secret. Both Britain and France have publicly acknowledged that alliance negotiations are underway.

Originally intended to use this alliance to increase Austria's influence in the world, Franz naturally would not make a superfluous denial.

It doesn't matter what Alexander II would think. Not to mention the semi-dead Russian Empire, even the peak Russian Empire had to retreat from the Three Kingdoms Alliance.

A formal alliance treaty between the three countries has not been signed, and discussions have started on the issue of building a new international situation.

In front of the interests, everyone can't resist the temptation to formulate a game rule that is beneficial to them, which is also the best interest.

Even Franz, who had little interest in the three-nation alliance, was very interested in establishing a new international order.

Austria has experience in this area and has dominated the Vienna system twice. A set of rules of the game that is beneficial to itself does not bring less benefits than any colony.

Now everyone needs a stable Europe, the British need a continental balance, the French want to digest the results, and Austria needs time to continue to develop.

Other countries are no exception. The Kingdom of Prussia needs to digest the fruits of the war, the Russians are busy reforming, let alone small countries, and everyone wants a stable Europe.

With the common will of everyone, a new international order is coming out. This time it is more cruel than ever. After the three major countries make the rules, all countries will comply.

Second-class powers Prussia, Russia, and the Nordic Federation also have a certain voice, and more small nations are completely reduced to echoes.

As one of the vested interests, Franz did not mean to quarrel for them.

Now he is busy carrying out economic reforms. Compared with the first industrial revolution, the second industrial revolution has still changed. Certain economic policies in the past have now become out of date.

Later generations of the well-known "Austrian economics school" also began to emerge, but still stuck in a bud. Perhaps because of the butterfly effect, the environment has changed, or it has changed.

Franz didn't know exactly what was going on. He is not studying economics and he is not very clear about these issues.

In the days when the free market economy flourished, Austria's economic policy was already considered positive, but of course this positive effect was also very limited.

The market is mainly developed freely. The government just provides a sound infrastructure. When necessary, some incentives are formulated.

As long as you have the money, you can enter any industry field, and whether you can survive is your problem.

As a pragmatist, Franz has always pursued "the best fit is the best." Within the larger framework, economic measures are not exactly the same everywhere in Austria.

Different regions have different development directions and require different policies. If it bothers the central government, it won't be too busy.

The Vienna Palace, which decided that Austria's economic report conference for the next ten years is being held, and this economic reform is only a fine-tuning.

Generally speaking, the previous economic policy is still used. Only the individual industries need to be changed, and the coverage is small.

Economic Secretary Andrew analyzed: "In the past two years, the domestic economic development has generally been in a good condition, and the economic growth rate has remained at 7.8%.

It is worth noting that the growth rate of the new energy industry, mainly the power industry, is particularly prominent. From 1868, the scale of the SHIELD industry has rapidly climbed to the current 200 million SHIELD.

The entire industrial chain involves multiple fields, driving upstream industries including copper smelting, rubber, power generation equipment manufacturing, and downstream hardware accessories, electrical machinery and equipment, transportation and other industries.

638,000 new jobs were created, which made a significant contribution to getting rid of the economic crisis. The most typical is the copper smelting industry in the Saxony and Balkan regions, which have achieved significant breakthroughs in production capacity.

The Ministry of Economy believes that in the future, power and energy will become the largest economic growth point.

At present, only domestic Vienna has fully popularized electric lighting. Although Frankfurt, Munich, Venice, Milan and other cities have launched projects, it will take some time to complete.

In Africa, we have found many copper mines, all of which are rich in ore quality. The reserves are more than the total copper mines being mined in continental Europe.

We have built domestic shipyards to build large-scale mine carriers of 20,000 to 30,000 tons without any technical problems. Transportation costs can also be reduced, and copper, which restricts the spread of electricity, can be resolved immediately.

Solving the problem of raw materials, the copper price on the market will soon fall, and the cost of promoting electric lighting will be greatly reduced.

In addition, electrical machinery equipment has great potential to be tapped, and may even replace the current steam engine in the future. At present, electrical machinery and equipment are already used in some fields.

In addition, another economic growth point is that the number of newborn babies has repeatedly hit record highs, and the sales of baby products have continued to increase.

There are too many products involved in this aspect, and the statistics are too troublesome, so we can only make a preliminary estimate. There is now about 35 million Aegis markets each year, but the growth rate is fast, and it is expected to grow 12% this year.

In contrast, traditional economic markets have shown decadence. The last economic crisis has proven that many areas in the country are saturated.

At present, the fastest-growing sectors of the traditional economy are steel, mining, shipbuilding, and construction, which are 13.2%, 9.6%, 10.1%, and 8.9% respectively. The textile industry, which had grown rapidly in the past, had a growth rate of only 3.1% last year.

Our most advantageous food processing industry is also now encountering bottlenecks, although it has maintained a growth rate of 5.8%, but the downward trend is very obvious.

From these data, the development of emerging industries has become a pillar industry for future economic development. The Ministry of Economic Affairs plans to comprehensively promote electric lighting in China and encourage electric power technology innovation. "

This is in line with the habits of the Vienna government. Electricity is inseparable from the government's policy if it is to be popular. Without the government's promotion, it is estimated that no power company will selflessly contribute a set of power supply networks.

In contrast, baby products are different. There is no need for the government to intervene. The capitalists will do a good job. All the government needs to do is regulate and regulate the market.

The senior Prime Minister Felix took over the topic: "There is no problem in promoting power technology. The benefits of this technology have been experienced by everyone, and the electric lights above us are one of them.

However, in the promotion, we must also consider the issue of upfront costs. The cost of building a city power supply network is not a small number.

Not every city can afford it, and the government does not recommend cities with lower fiscal revenues to promote it. If someone makes this policy of benefiting the people, and finally it becomes a policy of harming the people, we will be held accountable. "

The power technology is good, the answer is: very good. Unfortunately, it's too early, and costs haven't fallen.

Large cities with higher local fiscal revenues, imitating the popularization of electric lighting in Vienna, have no problems, and they can afford it.

For some poorly-crowded cities, it is a heavy burden. Taking Vienna as an example, the city government spends 1.2 million Aegis electricity and lighting system maintenance costs each year.

For the bustling Vienna, this money can be directly distributed to the businessmen in the urban area. They are the biggest beneficiaries of the city that never sleeps, and the revenue generated by the night market is enough to make up for the cost.

If you change some small cities, there are not many businesses, and the annual fiscal revenue is only a few hundred million aegis, and it will be difficult to maintain the operation of the government.

If you run to follow suit, the cost will eventually fall on the ordinary people. It is a disaster for the local low-income people.

The lower the population density, the higher the cost of electricity per capita. This account has long been ignored by the Vienna government.

To avoid the worst, Prime Minister Felix stepped forward and poured cold water. Lest some bureaucrats blindly follow the trend in order to brush their achievements.

After listening to Felix's warning, many local officials participating in the meeting sweated for their previous thoughts.

Sure enough, the cheap performance is not good. If you don't have the conditions, run blindly to follow the trend, and it is estimated that your report will end, and your career will be over.

Except for a few states, which have greater autonomy, the rest of the cities need to review such large projects.

So far, only large economically developed cities can get approval, or coal production areas themselves, and the cost of power generation is beyond imagination.

For most cities, it is best to wait until technological innovation and further reductions in the cost of electricity supply before considering this issue.

The time-old European power revolution started in Germany. The most important reason was that Germany's copper production was the highest in Europe and coal production was the highest in Europe. The cost of promoting power technology was lower than that of Britain and France.

The United States has nothing to say, that is nothing missing. Whether it is copper production or coal production, that is how much it is.

Therefore, starting with the second industrial revolution and the new technological innovations that followed, Americans gradually moved ahead of Europe.

It is not that European countries do not have technology. The problem is that European countries lack raw materials, increasing costs from overseas transportation, and lacking the ability to promote. Until the industry technology matures, Britain and France cannot afford the high costs.

Now Franz's fanfare for the electric power technology revolution is not meant to be confidential at all, the main reason is that the cost of raw materials in Austria is lower than in Britain and France.

With the exception of the Russian Empire, Austria's copper reserves exceed those of European countries, let alone its output, which directly accounts for half of the world's total.

Austria also has a very important share in rubber production. The colony of the South Ocean is not Bai Cham. Almost every island can be planted with rubber. With rubber plantations opened in Africa, Austria is now the world's largest supplier of rubber products.

To promote power technology, Britain and France must first import copper and secondly rubber. France is even worse, and they have to import coal.

Cost has been decided. In this industrial revolution, Britain and France have fallen behind.

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