Chapter 215

After having a laugh with Kuafu, Lei Tiantang finally accepted all the materials Kuafu prepared for him. After all, the amount of these knowledge is a little more, and the real learning difficulty is not very big. If you study hard, it is estimated that it will be more than a month. However, he can not always learn this kind of knowledge. After all, there are many things he should pay attention to.

Take Zhao Junxian and his company's energy consumption as an example a few days ago. Although all companies can save a lot of electricity by installing high-performance solar panels, the problem of industrial power consumption is also a big problem troubling domestic and international countries. There are still many power stations using coal to generate electricity.

Although countries in the world are also actively promoting the construction of nuclear power plants, but the large investment, long construction time, safety and other issues are further hindering the process of nuclear power commercialization.

Therefore, Lei Tiantang will not focus on the upgrading and development of nuclear fission substation. His main goal is to focus on the nuclear fusion power station. Now this field is a hot industry. Countries and companies with the ability to invest in this area all over the world are trying to open the era of nuclear fusion power generation. We should know that this industry is pregnant with one billion US dollars Business opportunities!

Unlike nuclear fission, which is based on the principle of atomic bomb, fusion occurs when two light atoms fuse together to form a heavier atom, and energy is generated in the process. The sun and other stars release huge energy in this way.

The advantage of nuclear fusion is that it will not emit harmful gases to the environment, nor will it produce nuclear waste, so there will be no nuclear power plant meltdown. Direct fuels (deuterium and tritium) for nuclear fusion are also readily available. Both of them can be obtained by electrolytic water, and the cost advantage is significant.

Nuclear fusion, in which light nuclei (such as deuterium and tritium) combine to form heavier nuclei, such as helium, emit enormous energy. Because chemistry is a science that studies the properties, composition, structure and change law of matter at the molecular and atomic levels, while nuclear fusion takes place at the nuclear level, nuclear fusion does not belong to chemical change. Today's nuclear fusion has been divided into two aspects by scientists.

One is thermonuclear reaction, or nuclear fusion reaction, which is a promising new energy. Fusion reaction caused by light atomic nuclei involved in nuclear reaction, such as hydrogen (protium), deuterium, tritium, lithium, etc., obtaining necessary kinetic energy from thermal motion (see nuclear fusion). Thermonuclear reaction is the basis of hydrogen bomb explosion. It can produce a lot of heat energy in an instant, but it can not be used.

If the thermonuclear reaction can be produced and carried out in a certain restricted area according to people's intention, the controlled thermonuclear reaction can be realized. This is an important subject in the experimental research. Controlled thermonuclear reaction is the basis of fusion reactor. Once the fusion reactor is successful, it may provide the cleanest and inexhaustible energy for mankind.

The second is cold fusion, which refers to the nuclear fusion reaction carried out at relatively low temperature (or even room temperature). This situation is a conceptual "hypothesis" proposed for the known existence of thermonuclear fusion (thermonuclear reaction in stars). This assumption will greatly reduce the reaction requirements, as long as the extra nuclear electrons can be freed from the nuclear bondage at a lower temperature In this way, we can use more common and simple equipment to produce controllable cold nuclear fusion reaction, and at the same time, make the nuclear reaction safer.

But now cold fusion is only a kind of advanced technology in science fiction movies. At present, there are no conditions for research on the earth. Therefore, Lei Tiantang mainly focuses on the thermonuclear fusion that everyone in the world is developing.

"Kuafu, I'd like to show and introduce all the information you have collected about nuclear fusion! I'll see the details! " After finishing the discussion about nanorobots, he and Kuafu entered the next project, nuclear fusion power generation.

"Boss, there are two main methods of nuclear fusion currently used in the world. One is the Tokamak device with magnetic confinement.

Tokamak is a kind of toroidal container which uses magnetic confinement to realize controlled nuclear fusion. The name Tokamak comes from toroid, kamera, magnet and kotushka. It was first invented in the 1950s by azimovich of the Kurchatov Institute in Moscow, Soviet Union.

In the center of the Tokamak is a circular vacuum chamber with coils wrapped around it. When the Tokamak is electrified, a huge spiral magnetic field will be generated inside the Tokamak, which will heat the plasma to a high temperature to achieve the purpose of nuclear fusion.

Although the fusion reaction is close to success in laboratory, it is far from industrial application. It will cost hundreds of billions of dollars to build a tokamak type nuclear fusion device. Of course, boss, if you use that kind of ability that I can't understand to make equipment, you certainly don't need to pay such a high price.

Another method to realize nuclear fusion is inertial confinement method. Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is to put a few milligrams of deuterium and tritium gas or solid into a ball about several millimeters in diameter. The laser beam or particle beam is uniformly injected from the outside, and the spherical surface evaporates outward due to absorption of energy, and the inner layer of the spherical surface is squeezed inward by its reaction (the reaction force is an inertial force, by which the gas is constrained, so it is called inertial constraint).Just as the gas of a jet plane is ejected backward to propel the aircraft forward, the pressure of the gas inside the small ball is squeezed and the pressure is increased, and the temperature rises sharply. When the temperature reaches the required ignition temperature (about several billion degrees), the gas inside the ball will explode and generate a lot of heat energy.

The explosion takes only a few picoseconds. If three or four such explosions occur every second and continue on, the energy released is equivalent to a megawatt power station.

Although the principle is so simple, the power that the existing laser beam or particle beam can achieve is still dozens or even hundreds of times less than what is needed. In addition to other technical problems, inertial confinement fusion is still not possible.

Of course, some of the problems may be solved. Then we can have two kinds of fusion reactor models. The specific research plan still needs to be considered by the boss. There is nothing to learn from. I still have no way to design for the time being! "

Kuafu briefly introduced the method of nuclear fusion, and what he introduced was that there were many pages of directory information on the computer.

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