Chapter 305： Writing textbooks and international phonetic symbols

一 大 In the early morning the next morning, Marin got up refreshedly and went to run alone. As for Angela, she didn't follow her because she was "ill".

After having breakfast, Marin came to the office area in front of the palace and began to deal with daily affairs. In fact, it is mainly the signature or something. After all, Jeffrey is also a good hand in government affairs. In addition to funding issues, Marin sent people to supervise and prevent Jeffrey the old bureaucrat from corruption. In other matters, Marin did not want to manage too much.

In addition to signing and stamping, Marin has another job to do and it is very important. That is-he needs to write textbooks for the new school ...

In terms of slang, Marin didn't need to spend much time. These days, schools in Western Europe have basically used the Bible as their instrument. Even the children of the nobility read the Latin Bible directly from an early age. Whether you understand it or not, memorize it first. Then, the missionary responsible for teaching will explain to you slowly.

As for some church schools for civilians, the Bible is taught to students in their own language. Generally speaking, only noble children learn Latin. Of course, children who were sent to the monastery from an early age also learned Latin.

To this end, Marin decided to implement bilingual teaching in artisan schools in schools throughout the country. The so-called bilingual language is naturally German and Frisian.

Alas, Frisian does not have its own words. For now, it's just a language spoken. In fact, Frisian used an ancient Runi script before. However, after being conquered by Christians, Runes were lost. Therefore, the current Frisian people usually exchange spoken Frisian, while the literate people all learn German. Because German has perfect text.

Marin thought for a while, and felt that since Frisian is similar to English, it is better to use English textbooks directly ...

So he sent someone to Britain to buy the English Bible as a Frisian textbook. As for the German language, there is no need to worry. This German version of the Bible is everywhere in Germany.

In addition, for the convenience of education, Marin also sent someone to the UK to hire a group of unfaithful missionaries. He traveled to the continent of East Friesland in the name of traveling to the continent of Europe to teach Frisi, who is very close to English Language and place orders at the local church. After all, East Frisian has a severe shortage of educated missionaries. Prior missionaries had priority to supply the five noble schools. Therefore, those schools in the countryside lack teachers. In addition to the literate artisans, Marin added some downcast missionaries in England, and most were missionaries in London, so that students could learn a pure London sound ...

Of course, as a traveler with modern thinking, Marin didn't forget to phonetic the words. Therefore, the International Phonetic Alphabet was simply "invented".

After spending a long time, Marin finished annotating the English Bible. In this way, as long as the children memorize the International Phonetic Alphabet and get the marked English Bible, they can read it easily.

However, when it was his turn to annotate the phonetic notation in German, Marin was in trouble. Because German has 30 letters, 4 more letters than English. Moreover, the International Phonetic Alphabet is not enough to annotate German words.

Marin had learned English in his previous life, but not German. Although he can speak German in this life, he has never seen German phonetic symbols when he added up ...

For this reason, Marin had to temporarily let everyone teach German casually. He himself studied how to refer to the International Phonetic Alphabet and get a German phonetic table.

In addition, German dialects are numerous. For convenience, Marin naturally set a standard. Otherwise, the phonetic notation will be troublesome. Originally, Marin intended to pronounce the German language in Highland Standard, which was popular in later generations. However, Marin himself is not able to pronounce high and low German. If you use the level of inability to pronounce, you must make a joke.

In the end, Marin decided to simply use the Low German pronunciation, which is popular in the northwest coast of Germany, as the written standard pronunciation. Among them, Marin's hometown of the Lower Rhine, including Friesland, belongs to Lower Saxony, and the German language used is also called Low Saxony. Because, long ago, the Principality of Saxony once controlled a large area of ​​northern Germany, which is completely different from the current Principality of Saxony. Even the British are descendants of the Anglo and Saxons after crossing the sea. Therefore, English is also called "Anglo-Saxon". The Saxon here refers to the Lower Saxons of the North Sea.

Once, the ancestors of the British and Frisian ancestors lived on the north coast of Germany. Their language is also very close or the same. Although hundreds of thousands of years have passed, Frisian is still very close to English. Because the Frisian people have long been excluded from the German nationality, the language of the Frisian people has not changed for thousands of years.

However, the Lower Saxony language in the Lower Saxony area is different. The Lower Saxons are integrated into the German subject and are greatly influenced by the German in the East and the South in the Highlands. They gradually differ from English.

However, in general, High German and English are very different; Frisian and English are very close; and Low German in the northwestern region of Low German is somewhere between German and English.

Lower Saxon and High German can still communicate, just speak slowly. The Low Saxon language is a bit difficult to communicate with English and Frisian, but it still has a lot in common. Many words are very similar, but they are pronounced differently. If you add a gesture, people who speak Low Saxon can also communicate with people who speak English or Frisian.

So if the International Phonetic Alphabet is used to annotate the Low Saxon, the changes are not large and simpler. If you use the German accent in Austria, you can't communicate with English ...

Moreover, the use of low-level Saxon is very large. Its scope of application includes the entire Lower Saxony region (later Lower Saxony), as well as the North Rhine-Westphalia region (including the Ruhr region where Marin's hometown is located), as well as the Bremen and Hamburg regions in the east, The western half of the Schleswig-Holstein region under Danish control. In the eastern part of the Netherlands, Lowland Saxon is also popular, but Dutch of the Frankish family is also used.

In other words, the low-level Saxon language has a wide range of applications, and is closer to English, which is convenient for the modification and use of the international phonetic alphabet.

Therefore, Marin finally made up his mind to use Low Saxon as the pronunciation standard for East Frisian German textbooks. With the phonetic transcription, it is difficult to make the wrong sound ...

The importance of the phonetic alphabet is similar to that of the later Chinese phonetic alphabet. In fact, Hanyu Pinyin is a Chinese system that imitates the International Phonetic Alphabet. Its main function is to facilitate students to recognize characters and set standard pronunciations, which is very convenient.

However, it is not Marin alone who can change the international phonetic alphabet to the German version. His previous life was just an ordinary undergraduate, not a language expert. Therefore, Marin intends to invite several scholars who also apply the Low Saxon language to complete this work together. Even if you can't hire a university student, the University of Cologne University of Cologne, which also belongs to the Low Saxon speaking area, is a good choice. After all, with the International Phonetic Alphabet as a reference, it is still possible to compile a set of German phonetic symbols.

If Marin does it himself, it is not impossible, it just takes time. After all, compiling a book requires consulting a lot of information, comparing and examining it repeatedly. As a prince, he has a bunch of things every day. Where can I do this?

You know, Marin not only intends to write a set of German phonetic symbols suitable for German, but also intends to write a German dictionary similar to the later generation Xinhua Dictionary ~ www.novelhall.com ~. So he couldn't figure it out by himself, and didn't have that much time. However, the editor's name, he must be hanging. After all, this is a great thing that has a long history. This kind of credit, Marin will not let others ...

So, Marin temporarily put aside the German phonetic symbols and the German dictionary, and first wrote primary school math textbooks ...

数学 Mathematics in grades 1 to 3 of elementary school is very simple, that is, the most basic addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and then four mixed operations will be learned. As long as Marin writes some easy-to-understand exercises, for example, counting ducks, counting eggs, pulling carrots and other naive questions ...

In addition, in elementary school mathematics books, Marin used modern Arabic numerals (the Arabic numerals are written slightly different from modern ones), and Roman numerals and Greek letters were completely eliminated. Of course, Roman numerals and Greek letters will appear in middle school mathematics. However, things are still early in the middle school. After all, the first grade of elementary school has not yet started. Marin has time to write middle school textbooks. For the time being, Marin will only need to compile the textbooks for grades one to three ...

Before the German phonetic symbols and German dictionary were compiled, Marin directly asked the school to teach German the original way. As for the Frisian language, the English version of the Bible with international phonetic notation was naturally used as the teaching material. In addition, Marin also plans to send someone to the United Kingdom to invite a few scholars to write a small English-Frisian dictionary to facilitate students to learn Frisi ...

Once the phonetic transcription and dictionary are written and put into use, language learning will be simplified many times, and it will also be convenient for teachers to teach students to write and pronounce, and make the culture spread quickly. As the "inventor" and advocate of modern phonetic symbols and new dictionaries, Marin's reputation will be unparalleled ...