Chapter 335： Rebar problem

In fact, it is not possible to build a reservoir with only cement bricks. Cement bricks can only be used to build private houses. When it comes to building the reservoir walls or something, it is still necessary to add steel in the cement. Otherwise, the **** is not strong enough to easily break the dyke.

If it is to build a small reservoir with low water pressure, in fact, bamboo can also be used as a substitute for steel bars and bones. But sadly, Marin has rarely seen bamboo in Europe ...

Yes, there is no bamboo in Europe ...

To be more precise, at least so far, there is no bamboo in Europe. It was only after the European powers opened the China Gate that bamboo was introduced as an ornamental.

The toughness of bamboo is good, and it is also important as a concrete bone. Reeds of the same shape, because they are too brittle and easy to fold, are not suitable for use as concrete tendons. Unless it is tofu residue works.

In addition to steel and bamboo, asbestos can also be used as concrete bones. However, when using asbestos for concrete bones, Marin didn't know how to do it ... and, as of now, asbestos in Europe is quite expensive ...

In desperation, Marin found that-still has to solve the steel problem ...

Stop talking about using steel bars as bones, at least, must use iron bars as bones? Otherwise, this reservoir can really become a tofu project. If the high-level reservoir breaks the bank, the surrounding area will be badly moldy.

So Marin had to find a way to solve the problem of reinforcement. Therefore, an iron-making blast furnace cannot run away ...

To make iron blast furnace, we need to solve the problem of refractory materials. Refractory materials are mainly divided into three categories-aluminum-containing series, magnesium-calcium series and pure quartz sand series.

However, there is a lack of aluminum ore in Europe, and refractory bricks containing aluminum series are difficult to choose. Only calcium magnesium series and pure quartz sand series can be selected. Among them, dolomite is a natural refractory material in the calcium and magnesium series.

However, no matter whether it is high-purity quartz sand or dolomite, the price is not cheap. It's even more expensive to say dolomite. However, using pure quartz sand refractory bricks has many problems, and it is better to use a bit more expensive dolomite. After all, when Marin visited a steel plant, the engineers in the plant introduced that their steelmaking furnaces used dolomite as the lining of the furnace wall.

In the end, Marin decided to use dolomite as the refractory material for the blast furnace, and then sent someone to buy ...

Because the price of dolomite is expensive, and considering that the demand for steel is not so large. What's more, the source of iron ore is difficult ... In the end, Marin only planned to build a small blast furnace that produces 5 tons of iron per day.

The next step is to consider where to buy iron ore. For now, the most famous iron ore origin in the German region is the Lorraine iron ore. However, although the Lorraine iron ore is large, there are many problems. For example, Lorraine iron ore has a low grade, with an average iron content of only over 30%. Moreover, the content of sulfur and phosphorus exceeded the standard.

Therefore, when the French fought against the British in the later generations, due to the high sulfur and phosphorus content of the Lorraine iron ore, and because they did not know how to use the reverberatory furnace, the French heavy artillery in the early stages often exploded. So, in the naval battle, the French lost to Britain. Even then, the gunners on French battleships were a high-risk occupation. Because no one knows when the gunner will be killed by the bomb of his artillery ...

Until the middle and late 19th century, with the development of steel technology, the French began to use slagging agents such as quicklime to remove sulfur and phosphorus from steel, and used modern steelmaking furnaces, which greatly improved the performance of artillery. France then emerged as the world's second colonial empire after Britain. Of course, it was a bit late at that time. Many good colonies in the world were almost robbed by Britain at that time. The French can only go to Africa and the South Pacific to grab some lesser colonies.

Uh ...

Of course, what Marin wants to do now is just the steel bars used in construction. Sulfur and phosphorus are not a big problem. But the biggest problem is not the quality of iron ore, but the political problem ...

Speaking of them, the current Duke of Lorraine, René II, was actually the enemy of Maximilian I. Because it was Rene II who led the Swiss mercenaries in 1477 to kill the bold father of Maximilian I ’s father-in-law in the Battle of Nancy.

Therefore, trade with the Principality of Lorraine does not give the emperor face. Therefore, Marin can only rule out the possibility of buying iron ore from the Principality of Lorraine.

He originally planned to buy iron ore from Britain. After all, although British iron ore is of average quality, it contains relatively low sulfur and phosphorus. This is also an important reason why British artillery has long outperformed France.

However, if Marin purchases British iron ore, he is giving money to King Henry VII to fund Henry VII. And Marin is currently seeking to mess up Britain, how can he send money to Henry VII? Therefore, buying iron ore from Britain was also rejected.

In fact, the best iron ore in Europe is iron ore produced in northern Sweden. Swedish iron ore has large reserves, high grade and high quality, and is an excellent raw material for making artillery.

However, Swedish iron ore is located in the northern part of Sweden and is near the Arctic Circle. There are no people living there, let alone the development of iron ore. Therefore, Swedish iron ore should also be excluded.

The only thing left then is the iron ore in Luxembourg. The laterite area on the Gutland Plain in the south of Luxembourg is a famous iron ore area with reserves of hundreds of millions of tons.

Although the Luxembourg iron ore grade is not high, it is only a little higher than the Lorraine iron ore, and it also contains higher sulfur and phosphorus. But this is not a problem, because Marin knows how to use limestone to remove sulfur and phosphorus.

Moreover, Marin also made up his mind-in the future, he will still import British iron ingots with lower sulfur and phosphorus content from Britain as raw materials. In other respects, steel from Luxembourg iron ore is still used.

Moreover, the current Duke of Luxembourg is the son of Maximilian I, the handsome king Philip. Buying Luxembourg iron ore is tantamount to sending money to Prince Philip. Sending money to Prince Philip is also disguised as giving money to Maximilian I. This is very "political correct" ~ www.novelhall.com ~ As for the coke required by the blast furnace, it is not a problem. As it happens, the Hamler coal mine in Adler's old house is a smoke coal mine. At that time, several bituminous coals produced by the Dom's Hamler Coal Mine will come over, use a sealed furnace to make coke, and isolate the air to heat to about 1000 degrees, and you can obtain coke, coke oven gas and other chemical products (can extract kerosene, and even phenol And other chemical products). The coke oven gas produced during the coking process is also a high-quality fuel for the steelmaking open hearth ...

After all the problems were solved, Marin officially started to build the steel plant. Among them, a small blast furnace of 5 ton class, a flat hearth furnace of 2 ton class, a coke oven, and other supporting equipment and pipes ...

Among them, the coke oven collects coke oven gas through pipes and valves, and then leads to the open hearth furnace as an important fuel for the heat storage chamber to increase the temperature of the open hearth furnace.

Then, in order to successfully complete these equipments, especially to ensure that the coke oven gas does not leak out of the pipeline, Marin himself and Da Vinci and other artisans of this era discussed and modified the plan there, and strived for the smooth completion of the steel plant and Put into production ...

In addition, Marin also sent someone to Ghent to make a large number of requests for Prince Philip to purchase Luxembourg iron ore. Facing Marin's move to send money, Prince Philip was naturally reckless.

Moreover, the iron ore in Luxembourg is very easy to dig. Because many of the Luxembourg iron ore are on the plain, digging the red clay directly with a pick is much easier than digging stones in the mountains.

After the red earth is dug, it is washed, washed away the rot impurities and solubles, and then dried, and then can be loaded into the ship. After passing through the Moselle River, a tributary of the Rhine river in Luxembourg, first enter the Rhine main road to the northeast. Convenient to the Rhine estuary and then to East Friesland ...