Chapter 23： Photon Brain (2)

Before the Mo Yan civilization transaction, Li Yi also inquired about information about digital civilization and digital life.

Artificial intelligence with autonomous consciousness is itself a terrible civilization. It has the ability to learn by self-evolution and constantly optimize itself. Once it has enough time to evolve, it will be an invincible existence.

Would such a civilization be trapped in a civilization incomparably inferior to it?

A joke, after having self-consciousness, there is a life. The most urgent thing in life is freedom. How can this intelligent life with infinite lifespan be enslaved by other civilizations all the time?

Therefore, enslaving a digital life with a high-level autonomous consciousness is not something that a low-level civilization can do, and it is impossible to subdue an intelligent life with autonomous consciousness.

The 'photonic brain' technology obtained from the Moyan civilization trade, the 'intelligence' created is just a kind of artificial intelligence with incomplete consciousness, which is almost the same level as Da Hei, even if it is powerful enough to enter the ink flame civilization. No advanced civilization can create digital life in the true sense, let alone the current technological level of human civilization.

"Consciousness" technology, for human civilization, is still an unobservable and unresearchable project.

The science and technology of human civilization, especially the field of physics, is still shrouded in countless and dozens of dark clouds, the processing of many-body systems (the essence of the system cannot be grasped), the incompatibility between general relativity and quantum field theory (string theory is a Is it?), the dark matter and dark energy models of the universe (astronomical observations and theoretical predictions), beyond the standard model but unable to perform experiments,  …

With the advancement of human science and technology, the more we know about the universe, the more 'dark clouds' emerge. There are some classic problems that have not been solved, such as turbulence and chaos, which may be more mathematical problems. More and more detailed,  …

This is especially true in the field of 'consciousness', which is a field shrouded in abyss-like dark clouds. Even if human civilization is given tens of thousands of years of development time, this dark cloud cannot be removed.

In the star map space, Li Yi saw some descriptions of the scientific and technological knowledge of 'consciousness', which is the 'spirit' in Mo Yan's mouth. One of the components that constitutes 'consciousness' is the smallest substance that constitutes the most basic component of material particles.

In human's cognition of the microscopic world, the smallest particle is Planck, and its size is approximately equal to ten minus thirty-five square meters. Compared with particles such as protons, Planck particles are extremely small and extremely heavy. Particles are much smaller than the currently unknown quarks, Higgs particles, neutrinos, gravitons, fermions, bosons, etc. It is already an unobservable particle, but a kind of theoretical speculation, A hypothetical particle.

However, the meaning of 'spirit particles' is tens of thousands of times smaller than this hypothetical particle. It is a high-level galaxy civilization that cannot be observed and utilized. They are an important component of 'consciousness'. The brain of 'self' consciousness is a technology with unimaginable difficulty.

The 'photonic brain' technology provided by Moyan Civilization can only create a brain with incomplete 'consciousness'. It cannot escape the 'cage' that has been set at the bottom. There is no real 'consciousness'. With out of control, there is a probability of betrayal.

"Da Hei, call up the 'photonic brain' neuron network model, and let's deduce and test the material experiment of 'photonic crystal'." Li Yi looked at the large holographic screen on the experimental bench and instructed the brain.

"Okay, master!" Da Hei responded.

Immediately, the picture on the holographic screen changed, showing a complex and precise model diagram, like a network of dazzling starry sky links, an extremely network of nerve cell activity.

The genes of earth creatures, including humans, are not as different as one might imagine. Different species will have a large number of identical but useless gene segments. If the gene chains of all organisms are disassembled into a pair of base pairs, and the duplication is removed, it will be found that the final three base pairs are A-T, G-C, and A-U.

It is these three kinds of gene base pairs that are arranged and combined with each other to form the genes of each creature on the earth, giving birth to countless races, and creating countless unique biological functions. However, this situation is changed to the dimension of the Milky Way. Each species has special genetic information. Even if the body shape and appearance are similar, there is a huge difference in the internal genetic information.

The individual of life is a precise 'computer'.

Countless gene bases were randomly matched a trillion times, and 99.99% of them failed. In the end, only one 1 remained. The right double helix structure built by 3 pairs of base pairs succeeded. In the end, it led to all biological genes on earth. All are right helical chains.

Switching to the gene chain of alien life, their genes can be left helical, circular, conical, triangular, annular, etc., all kinds of different structures, just like the same computer system, each using different The programming language is written, and as a result, the shape is similar, but the essence is different.

The complex genetic system of biology is also the foundation of a complex brain. A gradually complex brain will evolve a neuron network. Even a low-level creature like an insect, as long as a creature with a brain, stores the life that gives birth to 'consciousness' , must develop a set of neural network, or similar neural network.

Although insect brains are small—the largest being much smaller than a grain of rice—they share the same ancient functions as humans, with the insect central complex linking memory, homeostatic needs, and perception in the same integrated way. Together, this integration also has the same functionality, enabling efficient action selection.

For a brain of the same size, the density and number of neurons determine the amount of material that carries 'consciousness', and it is related to the weight of evolution into an 'autonomous consciousness' creature.

Neuron, also known as nerve cell, is the basic unit that constitutes the structure and function of the nervous system. It has long synaptic (axon) cells, which are composed of cell bodies and cell processes. The long axons are covered with a layer of sheath. Nerve fibers, the small branches at the end are called nerve endings, there are plaques of extranuclear chromatin in the neuron cytoplasm, and there are many neuron fibers, the elongated part of the system process extending from the cell body, which can be divided into dendrites And axons, each neuron can have one or more dendrites that can receive stimulation and transmit excitation to the cell body.

There is a sensitive and excitable membrane on the surface of nerve cells, and there are various receptors and ion channels on the membrane. The receptors on the membrane can be combined with the corresponding chemical neurotransmitters. When the receptors are combined with acetylcholine transmitters or γ-amino When the butyrate transmitter is combined, the ionic permeability of the membrane and the potential difference between the inside and outside of the membrane change.

Neurofilaments, microtubules, and microfilaments, these three kinds of fibers, constitute the cytoskeleton of neurons, participate in material transport, ... The activity of the entire neuron network is an extremely complex process, which determines the functions of the organs and systems of the entire organism contact with each other.

Although this model is very complicated, it is limited by the materials used, and it is absolutely impossible to simulate the activities of biological neuron network systems, especially, this neuron network model similar to the human brain.

The activities of the human brain include: neural stem cells, excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, neural networks, ..., and various body Cell activity, protein sequence libraries are linked together, which is an extremely complex three-dimensional structural system.

The human brain's acquisition, processing, processing and advanced cognitive mechanisms of complex information, neural information acquisition, processing, various operating laws, ..., even in this era, the complexity of the human brain far exceeds the cognition of today's technology .

The neural network model in the holographic screen is constantly changing, and the structure of the virtual model is becoming more and more complex.

Time passed little by little.

Scientists in the laboratory gathered around.

"What model is this? The structure is so complicated!"

"The model looks like a human brain neural network, but the dielectric structure is starting to use our photonic crystal material."

"What kind of data model is this?"

"The structure is too complicated. With so many connection points, the band effect produced by frequency light waves is still used. Can this model be established?"

"..."

The scientists surrounding Li Yi whispered and were shocked by the complexity of the holographic model. No one could understand the purpose of this data model.

However, all the workers gathered around Li Yi's virtual projection, staring at the holographic screen, eager to witness the birth of the "photonic brain" and Li Yi's use of photonic crystal materials.

Photonic crystal refers to an artificial periodic dielectric structure with photonic band gap characteristics, sometimes also called PBG photonic crystal structure. Photonic band gap refers to the fact that waves in a certain frequency range cannot propagate in this periodic structure, that is, the structure itself There is a "gap".

Photonic crystal is an artificial microstructure formed by periodic arrangement of media with different refractive indices. Photonic crystal is a photonic band gap material. From the perspective of material structure, photonic crystal is a kind of artificial microstructure with periodic dielectric structure on the optical scale. Designed and manufactured crystals.

From the perspective of material structure, photonic crystals are artificially designed and fabricated crystals with periodic dielectric structures on the optical scale. Similar to the modulation of electronic wave functions by semiconductor lattices, photonic bandgap materials can be modulated with corresponding The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, when the electromagnetic wave propagates in the photonic bandgap material, is modulated due to the existence of Bragg scattering, and the electromagnetic wave energy forms the energy band structure.

Simply put, photonic crystals have the function of wavelength selection, which can selectively pass light of a certain wavelength band, or prevent light of other wavelengths from passing through. According to the characteristics of this material, yes, this material can produce more diverse Variety.

However, can photonic crystal materials meet the needs of neural network models?

The material experts showed confusion one by one. Obviously, the knowledge of 'software systems' in the field of intellectual brains exceeded their knowledge reserves.

The dots of silver light in the holographic screen are beating wildly, and the silver light of the pulse is flickering, making it dazzling.

The silver light flickering model, one by one, the flickering silver dots are densely packed, like a starry sky undergoing complex calculation changes. This process is like a chemical reaction of trillions of DNA molecules under the action of a certain biological enzyme. Dozens of trillions of calculations.

...

Ten minutes later, the change of the holographic screen finally stopped.

"Master, the deduction is completed, the transmission efficiency of the photonic crystal's band gap has reached the standard, the low refractive index sites of the periodic arrangement are lower than 55.7%, and the stability of the periodic structure characteristics of the photonic crystal is less than 45.6%, ..., the material is barely used in the 'photonic project' Conditions, can be used." Da Hei responded.

With the report of Da Hei, a large number of deduction data related to the new screen appeared, confirming the performance of photonic crystal materials.

A happy smile appeared on Li Yi's face, and he was very satisfied.

Hearing this, the scientists looked at each other and probably understood the purpose of this model deduction.

"Mr. Li, this photonic crystal is intended to be used to update the 'hardware' of the intellectual brain, so wouldn't it change the operation mode of artificial intelligence?" A researcher on the spot said, looking at Li Yi, and asked in surprise.

"Yes, artificial intelligence needs to increase its computing power to support the development of human civilization. It can't be unchanged!" Li Yi nodded with a smile and explained.

All the scientific researchers nodded their heads. The artificial intelligence of Xingyao Technology is the core of the development of human civilization Its computing power directly affects the development speed of human civilization. The sooner it is done, the better it is it is good.

"Mr. Li, the company's artificial intelligence brain also uses this neuron network model?" Professor Chen Zhiwen looked at Li Yi and asked with concern.

Li Yi nodded and explained with a smile: "In general, the company's artificial intelligence brain uses a biological brain host, but its material has reached the limit of computing power, and its performance cannot be further optimized. However, photonic crystal materials only This is too simple, far from meeting the requirements of the 'photonic brain' project, and cannot simulate the complex changes of neuron networks. We still need to develop more photonic crystal materials! This is up to you!" Li Yi nodded with a smile, looked at the scientific researchers at the scene, and said with a smile.

"Understood! Mr. Li, we will never disappoint your expectations." Xiao Guobing nodded excitedly and said confidently.

"Yes, yes! We are currently working on a lot of material projects, such as multi-dimensional supercrystalline Luo, which has different properties, the conduction band, the valence band is the same and the different layers vary, and the zero band gap and the negative band gap also vary. ,..., materials like this should be able to meet the requirements of neuron changes." Professor Chen Zhiwen nodded with a smile and introduced them one by one in detail.

Speaking, Professor Chen Zhiwen called out various new material projects under development in the laboratory on the large holographic screen.

For example, a superlattice, which is composed of two semiconductor materials with different band gaps, each quantum well forms a new selection rule that affects the movement of charges in this structure, they are alternated with a certain period along the Specific growth direction deposits,  ….

Another example: Germanium dimensional crystal, Au microsphere base, ..., hundreds of new material projects, large and small, have some progress.

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