Chapter 759： Novgorod Industrial Capital of Rurik

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Novgorod and Novgorod are all thriving scenes. According to Rurik’s theory, people will become rich because of a new way of life.

The two cities represent the core areas of eastern rule of the Principality. They are essentially huge rural areas first, and commercial activities are added to agricultural activities.

Farming, fishing and animal husbandry, agriculture, rural areas and farmers maintain the foundation of people's lives. However, if the general public spends all their time on this, they should not think about further improving their living standards.

Once the busy period of spring ploughing and autumn harvesting is over, the Viking people from all walks of life, including the Ross people, must fish and hunt to increase their income.

As for the majority of Slavs, of course, they can do things like weaving and chopping wood, but their traditional slack period is really idle. It's not that they are naturally lazy, but that they really lack opportunities for further development, so they can only gather together at the entrance of the village and talk about the mountains in the classic Slavic style.

Everything has changed now.

If the agricultural society wants to develop further, it must engage in industry. Based on the geographical situation of the East, metallurgy cannot be done. Any economic activity must be adapted to local conditions. The flat and huge Valdai Heights is most suitable for farming and raising more amateur animal husbandry. s population. The human resources of the Principality and the great vision of Prince Rurik are contradictory as a whole, but the human resources of this area are higher. Anyone who is idle must make use of it to develop handicraft industry to increase people's income. Through the scissors gap, the tax revenue of the Principality can also be increased, and then the three large iron factories in Blast Furnace Town, Roseburg and Elronburg in the northern part of the Principality will be subsidized.

Industry is a process of capital. The principality has not launched an invasion war to plunder the resources of others, so it can only plunder the resources of the peasants.

However, the Russ group with Rurik as the core represents the strongest productivity in Northern Europe. By expanding the size of the cake, the life of the vast Slavic farmer family is improving rapidly.

Look at these Slavic women!

As very cheap labor, they are collectively constrained in the house. Ten people are organized into a group to make finished clothes for Rurik.

Tailor making clothes, this kind of work has low requirements on cultural knowledge and low requirements on manual skills. Rurik didn't intend to make these women embroider beautiful chrysanthemum patterns on the cloth, or clothes with more complicated structures.

The fifty slaves who had transferred ownership rights all entered the country to serve as group leaders. Such a production team suddenly became fifty. If a group of auxiliary personnel are added, the number of workers in the "Principality Garment Factory" will reach 600!

The teams have their own division of labor, some are responsible for tanning raw animal hides, some are responsible for cutting leather and cloth, some are only for sewing, and so on.

They are paid three meals a day from working early in the morning to the evening, and the high-quality food attracts them. Cash rewards are also available, but the Lurik plan will give each worker four silver coins on the first day of each month in the Julian calendar.

The director of the garment factory was the Fodegan, and he had nothing to say about Rurik's way of hiring and remuneration. The prince seems to be very kind, but considering the daily workload of the laborers, it seems that the prince is also very mean. It is precisely because of this that Fodgen consciously has no right to speak, because his attitude is the same as that of the prince. Who doesn't want to make a lot of money? As for himself, he only needs to supervise the town venue, and he would like to raise two pounds of silver every month.

According to Rurik’s plan, the garment factory was making a robe against the cold. Its lining is soft linen, the middle layer is slightly fluffy hard linen, the cold-proof layer is up to 20 pieces of red squirrel leather stitching, and the collar is a string of squirrel tail hairs, and the most layer is wear-resistant. Of coarse linen. This four-layered coat is not as warm as wool, but it is very suitable for the status quo of the Duchy of Ross.

Don't think the clothes are one layer inside and one layer outside. At the current market price, the comprehensive material cost of a garment is up to three silver coins.

In this way, the labor's monthly cash payment is enough to buy a piece of clothing?

How about it is the difference of industrial and agricultural scissors? The price set by Rurik is twenty silver coins. Another way of statistics is that a laborer can buy a piece of clothing made by himself in the non-agricultural busy season and unexpected warm weather.

Of course, things shouldn’t be calculated like this. Even if they are all sitting on stools or sitting cross-legged on leather cushions to work, they still have to put in a lot of effort because the annual workload is set high. Ask for losses. The free food for each worker is at least a pound of dry wheat with a fish, and the boiled vegetable soup is not included in the statistics.

Ten pounds of dry wheat is a silver coin, and twenty fish can also be worth a silver coin. They work six days a week, and the average working time in one month is twenty-five days. Lurik also pays four silver coins per month for food expenses per person.

The hiring cost of ordinary mercenaries is the management of rice plus ten silver coins, and the hiring cost of these women is converted into more than 200 mercenaries with 600 workers.

For the costs of labor and food, as well as the remuneration paid to the factory director Verdegen, the monthly helper cost of the garment factory is equivalent to five thousand silver coins, which is fifty pounds of silver.

As for the cost of raw materials, three silver coins per piece of clothing are added to the selling price.

A piece of clothing is priced at 20 silver coins or 200 pounds of wheat, so only the monthly production capacity reaches 300 pieces, the output value of the output can be nothing.

How can they produce ten turtles a day with so many people? Twenty of the fifty teams are responsible for the final "final assembly", and the fabrics and leathers that have been cut and other rough processed are transported here to be made into garments. Two hundred women made clothes in a workshop-style processing method, each of whom had to sew a robe every day. Actually, they were able to complete the task.

They must complete their respective tasks. If they fail, they will be hungry for the first time, and they will be dismissed if they commit another crime.

There is no way, Rürich is really not doing charity this time. The delicious food and drink are provided for the labor for profit. The guys who "whole the wool" must be expelled. After all, there are more women who want to go to the garment factory.

In theory, the garment factory can produce 5,000 pieces of clothes in 25 jobs per month, provided that the supply of raw materials is stable.

As far as the current situation is concerned, hemp cloth, a very important raw material, can be supplied for three months. As for squirrel skin, it is really an inexhaustible resource based on the current era.

The garment factory is a benefit that only Novgorod enjoys, and almost all women entering the factory are women from the White Tree Manor. Other farms can also get a share, but the job of those farms is to provide raw materials.

The food problem has been solved, because the people of the Principality can also get large catches on the basis of wheat. Fish is naturally a food with a very short shelf life, except in winter. In the past, the majority of Slavs could not catch many fish based on bad technology. The arrival of the Ross people brought new techniques of trawl fishing, which caused the catch to increase sharply. The severe winter was a big refrigerator, and the catch was piled into walls. The change of direction increased the food reserves throughout the year.

To solve the problem of food, now the focus is on the problem of clothing.

The existence of garment factories objectively stimulates the entire downstream industry. The area of ​​flax cultivation has expanded, and hunters are also increasing, whether it is the Russ or the Slavs. The substantial increase in the production capacity of raw materials has caused the national purchase price to plummet. At least they still have some money. In order to get more benefits, the people who used to slack off the slack in the farming industry continue to work shirtlessly. For example, they cut trees to get land from the forest. Even if they can't grow wheat in the first year, they switch to flax.

All the farms choose to weave, even if the purchase price of the principality is very low, it is better to make a profit than doing nothing in the ordinary day.

Small boats carry a wide variety of raw materials to Novgorod, because there are not only garment factories but also paper mills. Even if the farms can't get too much flax, they can cut down trees and peel off the bark, wave the sickle to cut reeds and rushes, and transport these materials to the paper mill by small boats, and then pick up the goods and receive the wheat on the spot.

The farms around Ilmen Lake are responsible for the supply of various handicraft raw materials, and the factory in Novgorod completes the processing and production of finished products. Part of the finished product is digested in the Principality, and the other part is shipped to the Swedish area, and the price is increased again.

In the summer of 836, a set of handicraft industry chains in the Principality had completed the ecological closed loop, and the idlers during the slack period were mobilized on a large scale.

When a benign system started to operate, although there were certain flaws that needed to be improved, it did not conceal the flaws, and Rurik realized that he no longer had to intervene.

In many cases, the invisible hand will adjust, and he retains the right to directly intervene whenever necessary. The control rights of salt, iron, and granary, which are related to the lifeblood of the country, were firmly held in his hands by Rurik.

What is Rurik watching now?

As soon as I heard that the prince sent someone to educate the children and even take care of the meals, and it didn't matter whether boys or girls, the whole city of Novgorod sent out children of the right age. There are even five-year-old cubs who are taken by their parents to ask for education because they seem to be reaching age.

Where do they have such a high level of consciousness, but the prince’s control over the food means that their family has less expenses.

School-age children end the prince’s comprehensive education on culture, physical fitness, and labor. Women are attracted to work as handicraft laborers. Men start cutting wood, burning charcoal, and pottery to provide raw materials for the industrial chain, and even work in shipbuilding workshops. Young children can only be thrown into the care of the elderly. The use of labor in Novgorod has reached its limit, and new wealth different from agriculture has begun to be created continuously.

There are as many as 2,000 school-age children from Novgorod, Novgorod, and Mstisk. This number is far beyond Rurik's imagination. Now that the children have been sent, he can only take them in as a prince. At this moment, the census that was made by the way when counting the acres last year came in handy.

Each child was given an identity file, clearly written as a roster, in a sense this is the child's written school status.

After the school’s teaching buildings were built, in the face of a large number of children, Rurik had no choice but to be a teacher himself in order to cope with the embarrassment of insufficient teachers.

How to manage this group of children, how to make them understand the basic discipline?

This is not troublesome.

Whether it is the Russ, the Slavs, or even the Suomi people, all ethnic groups under the rule of the principality follow a principle. Every individual of the so-called tribe does not have absolute freedom. Men and women have a major obligation to defend the tribe. Once it happens In war, anyone who can afford a weapon must go to the battlefield.

Now this set of habits is regarded as the system of the duchy. Looking at this group of children, once they reach the age of twelve, they are obligated to be fighters, regardless of their gender. They must master combat skills at the appropriate age. That being the case, it is even more important to take advantage of the militarization of management at a young age.

If a child is mischievous, he will be punished by standing and beating his hand. It is easy to do if he doesn't change it. Just follow the roster to find his parents and ask for a fine.

Rurik is developing a compulsory education system that resembles the Kingdom of Prussia. It is only due to the many problems faced by the Duchy of Ross, and its development needs to be conservative.

Because simply cooks for 2,000 children a day, Rurik has to hire as many as fifty cooks. In order to ensure the children's three meals a day, the cooks are really busy from morning to night.

The most amazing thing is that two thousand children get together but have a huge appetite. They consume up to 60,000 pounds of wheat every month. The key is that these inputs are not produced for several years. Even if they are required to do voluntary labor, the labor is fruitful. It is also difficult to fill the loss.

The Principality already has a lot of investment in education. According to accurate statistics, only two thousand children and those cooks consume at least 300,000 pounds of food during a warm period of five months.

The Principality’s tax revenue last year was 4 million pounds of wheat, and one million pounds was purchased and plundered from other places. Considering the depletion that poor storage has to face, Rurik estimates that there must be at least four hundred and fifty. Ten thousand pounds of wheat.

Using this kind of rough calculation, my education investment this year, the investment in food alone is as high as 8% of last year's agricultural tax. If we count classrooms and teaching materials, we can only invest more.

As for the Principality’s fiscal revenue last year, it certainly far exceeded the so-called five million pounds of real wheat.

However, because of the winter expedition to Karelia, the war consumed a lot of food. Although a huge number of reindeer were plundered, deer could not kill and eat meat casually, and food was consumed every day. The existing grain in the national treasury should be used for all those who eat the money of the king, and it will be no problem to persist until the harvest of this year. Of course, a major premise is that the principality is completely temporary.

Rurik is the prince and the largest industrial capital controller of the Principality. The sharing agreement with the Blacksmiths Alliance has always been effective. As a result, he not only always enjoys a 10% to 20% operating profit share, but also collects high business taxes once a year. . In addition, the Gould family, a big taxpayer, follows the tactic of collecting three inverses, and there is no reason for those small businessmen not to pay taxes.

Rurik holds the economic lifeline of the Principality and also made some statistics. He is the person who knows the state of the country best in the entire Principality. The Principality is actually very rich, or as the prince Rurik is very rich, the crisis also exists, that is, the increasing internal consumption.

Part of the reason why the principality can get higher taxes relative to a limited population naturally comes from the direct daring of Rurik, who has both wisdom and handsome appearance, and another major reason comes from war and plunder. The first test was made in 827 AD. From 828 to 833, the Principality has been engaged in gambling-style wars, and it fought in the next two years. Fortunately, the Principality has won all the fierce battles, and relying on unprecedented seizures and a very safe external state obtained, it has the opportunity to stay in the east and the north this year and make a fortune.

But Rose did not really give up war and plunder because of this.

During the day, Rurik had to personally educate his children. This is the first time ordinary people have seen this scene where the prince personally educates. The public felt that this was a manifestation of the aristocracy's closeness to the people, but from the standpoint of Rurik, it was indeed a factor of the serious shortage of faculty.

At night, he has to organize all his wives and concubines, and even those young teachers who have been busy all day long, he continues to do some training, summing up the situation of educating the boys. After all, we still need to leave people with good mathematics ability to do economic calculations with myself.

"I should train more scholars I have to extract all the mathematics sprouts from the cubs, I must establish a proper civil service system! Otherwise, the great power will gradually fail to move me! I don’t want to be the Emperor Yongzheng.

Originally, Lurik arrived in the real capital of Shilla Fort, but the Ilmen Lake region where Novgorod is located demonstrated its strong economic strength. This is the main grain producing area, which can provide 80% of the staple food and 90% of the Principality. Linen. She has actually become the economic capital, so it is also the core area of ​​handicrafts and education. Economic geography determines this result, unless the value of Novgorod’s commercial capabilities truly surpasses Novgorod.

The governors of various regions will manage their territories, and the shipping traffic between the settlements has always been stable, and as long as the lakeside and two large bays have ships from the Duchy of Ross fishing, the so-called East and North Baltic Seas and their land areas, the Duchy The people are actively engaged in economic activities.

Rurik even ignored the privateer and the explorer Spuyut, and as a result, the Salmon Chief was towed by a rowing boat on the Volkhov River. This privateer is back! Seeing that she needed as many as four long boats for paddling and towing, and the apparently amazing draft depth, Lurik arrived at the pier after hearing the news. He just looked at the draft position of the big boat and made a judgment with a smile: "Okay, Spuyute. It looks like you've grabbed a boat of treasure for business."