v3 Chapter 183： 2nd Schleswig War

If Christian IX did not revoke the national constitution, the Austrian army would support the Prussian army against any army on the side of Augustenburg, or against Denmark.

The successful mission of the Prussian envoy ensured that when the envoy returned to Berlin, he would agree with the joint action of the two countries when discussed at the Council of Wilhelm I.

The Prussian envoy brought back from Vienna what Bismarck wanted, the answer that Prussia needed.

On September 7, 1864, the two countries officially announced plans to occupy Schleswig, and the embassies of the two countries in Denmark submitted a declaration of war to Denmark.

Finally, with the permission of the German Confederation, on September 9, 1864, the Allied Prussian army crossed the Ide and Ida rivers and launched an attack on the territory of Schleswig under Danish control.

Now, war is inevitable.

In addition to the combined forces of Saxony and Hanover, the German Confederation of Opp and Denmark was also on the verge of war.

At this time, European countries other than Germany were all staring at the Central Nordic continent, where the dark clouds of war had already weighed down on the hearts of people in other parts of Europe.

"We ask the two countries to calm down, things should not develop in this direction" - British Prime Minister Viscount Palmerston.

"This is a war that should not have happened, and we call on both Germany and Denmark to sit down and choose peace as the result to carry out peace talks" - Swedish Foreign Prime Minister Radwig.

"The right and the wrong still need to talk to know, war is not the only answer" - Dutch Prime Minister Tolbeck.

"There should be no war on the European continent, we are all civilized people, and God is watching." - French Prime Minister Olivier.

"The strength of Poo is strong, and the understanding of Denmark has become the comparison between the two sides in the biggest war with disparity in strength. We feel that it is very stressful for Denmark, and Denmark can actually compromise a little" - Italian Prime Minister Marco Mingotti.

"Small countries can grow only if they want to face the pressure of big countries, but Denmark's abolition of the "London Protocol" is a bit too much. I also call on Denmark to abolish the new constitution and ease the situation" - Portuguese Prime Minister Nuno Barreto .

"They are all our neighbors. In fact, we Tsarist Russia really need a peaceful and stable surrounding environment. I hope that the German Confederation headed by Prussia and Austria can calm down with Denmark, settle it peacefully, and return the Baltic Sea to a calm sea"—— Tsarist Gorchakov.

However, in the face of the various statements of heads of states, the German Confederation has to continue to do in addition to making neither light nor heavy statements.

On September 12, 1864, the Allied Forces of Opp began to march towards Schleswig. The initial battle was smooth and the road was smooth.

But after entering mid-September, just like Hannover and Saxony, the Allied Forces of Opp had to face the major risks that might be required due to the obstacles of Denmark's retreat to the Fortress of Dipor and the Fortress of Frederickia. A tough battle at the cost of attrition.

September 16, 1864, European attention,

It turned out that on this day the combined forces of Hanover and Saxony faced their heaviest casualties since entering Schleswig.

Their losses were compounded at Bad Oldesloh, west of Lübeck, where 40,000 Hanseatic forces suffered more than 10,000 casualties in the face of the desperate resistance of the Danes, while the defenders Denmark also lost more than 5 thousand.

This made Saxony and Hannover have to stop.

The Prussian and Austrian coalition forces won the first battle of the war at the cost of more than 1,500 casualties in the battle for the fortress of Dibor, which opened a gap in the follow-up progress.

On September 17, facing the siege of the Prussian coalition for days, the outstripped Danish army abandoned the Fredericia fortress.

So far, the land war has basically stabilized.

At sea, however, the situation was reversed.

In the sea Denmark has a stronger naval combat capability than Prussia and Austria, because Denmark once hoped that the navy could turn the tide of the war.

On September 25, the Danish navy with its superior strength launched an attack on the Pau-Austrian combined fleet consisting of five warships (Australia 3 and 2) in the waters south of Heligoland Island.

Two Austrian warships caught fire and eventually sank, and two Prussian warships and one Austrian warship suffered only minor damage after intense exchange of fire and fled south toward the Mediterranean Sea.

Fortunately, the Danish fleet was also damaged to varying degrees. The Danish fleet was also forced to retreat. This was the first battle of the navy.

This naval battle was won by Denmark and lost on land, allowing Christian IX to restore the face that was not lost because of the loss of the land battle.

As the defeat at sea came back, both Berlin and Vienna fell silent.

Obviously, the Prussian navy is in the Baltic Sea, and it is difficult to appear in the Atlantic Ocean, while the Austrian fleet in the Atlantic Ocean is from the Mediterranean Sea.

But it was not Prussia and Austria, but the coalition of Hannover and Saxony. They were unwilling to be stole the limelight by Prussia and Austria, so they attacked again, and in the end it was a victory, but after explaining the damage of nearly 10,000 people, Only then did they take Bad Oldesloh, the middle southern city of Schleswig.

But what saddens them the most is that the Danish army then used human sea tactics and kept adding new support troops. In the end, the coalition army chose to withdraw from the urban war after the first week of October. , because only 5,000 people remained, and the rest recaptured it after paying the price of more than 30,000 soldiers and civilians in Denmark.

The situation in Lübeck is also dire.

Denmark began to counterattack, and many Danes actively participated in this counterattack defense.

The result was, of course, more than 20,000 casualties. The combined forces of Saxony and Hanover were completely driven out of East Schleswig, and the combined forces of the German Confederation led by the two countries, except for Puau, returned to Holstein.

Europe looked sideways, only less than 5,000 people survived in this coalition, which means that more than 35,000 people were lost. This was completed in just about two months.

And Denmark also exceeds the military and civilians combined and also polices 50,000 people This is also a very heavy loss for Denmark, which has a population of less than 2 million. More than 4% of the population has just disappeared.

Let's talk about the War of the Three Kingdoms.

As a result of the war at sea, Berlin and Vienna realized that the sea was not Denmark's opponent, so the targets were placed on land. Obviously, short shots and long shots were not the answer.

Land is the expertise of the great powers on the two continents of Aopu.

As a result, the land attack became even more violent.

The War between the Three Kingdoms was another multilateral war in Europe after the Crimean War between Tsarist Russia and Britain, France, Ottoman Turkey and other countries from 1853 to 1856.

In view of the expansion of the war will shake the interests of countries including Britain and France. They are afraid of getting caught on fire.

In the end, the United Kingdom took the lead and representatives from other European countries conducted mediation in Copenhagen, Berlin and Vienna, prompting an early truce among the three warring parties.