Chapter 220： Promotion of paper invoices

After finishing the materials of the two golden countries, Marin sent people to Rome, sent his father-in-law Julius II, and attached a letter, suggesting that the father-in-law re-determined the Treaty of Todd Silas "When adding these two golden countries as negotiation conditions, they will be divided between Spain and Portugal.

This time, Marin intends to ask his father-in-law to help Spain in the face, but actually pit Spain. Of course, to help Spain on the bright side is to pit Portugal with red fruits. But Portugal is not a soft persimmon, it still needs an excuse.

Therefore, Marin has helped Julius II to make excuses ...

An excuse is Spain ’s contribution to the Catholic world. For example, Spain eliminated the Kingdom of Granada in 1492 and expelled the Green Church forces from the Iberian Peninsula. Strictly speaking, this is a significant contribution to Catholicism.

Therefore, the Holy See can use Spain's contribution to the development of Catholicism as an excuse to help Spain. As for the Portuguese, although the great voyages were very lively, they did not contribute much to the religious cause.

Basically, Portugal is a country where businessmen and pirates are involved. The whole country is engaged in sailing not for the purpose of spreading Catholicism, but for the benefit.

Unlike the Spanish kings, this couple is the most devout Catholic. Although it is said that the capture of the Kingdom of Granada belongs to territorial expansion, not purely religious behavior. However, it is true that the couple is avid Catholics. In 1478, Queen Isabella set up the infamous religious tribunal to persecute pagans and maintain the orthodoxy of the Catholic Church.

Therefore, from the perspective of the Holy See, Spain has contributed more to Catholicism than Portugal, and it is reasonable to favor Spain.

Of course, the Portuguese cannot say that they have made no contribution to the spread of Catholicism. For example, the Kingdom of Congo in Africa was influenced by Catholic missionaries.

In 1506, the newly succeeded King Alfonso I of the Kingdom of Congo was a Catholic. Since then, the Kingdom of Congo has also designated Catholicism as the state religion.

Unfortunately, Alfonso I won't succeed until 1506. Now Alfonso I is just a prince, and his influence on the Kingdom of Congo is still very limited.

Therefore, Portugal is currently unable to use the conversion of the Kingdom of Congo to Catholicism as its credit. Because, it has not been realized yet ...

Before the conversion of the Kingdom of Congo to Catholicism, the Kingdom of Portugal ’s religious contribution was indeed unworthy of giving shoes to Spain. Therefore, the Holy See ’s partiality to Spain is not excessive.

In short, this time Portugal can only suffer. Of course, Marin released two golden kingdoms as bait, and if one of them was swallowed, it would not be a loss.

It's just that if you want to swallow the golden country in the interior of Africa, you can't do it every decade or two. After all, the climate in Africa is too bad. Moreover, the two golden countries are not at all counter-productive.

Under the hot weather and the resistance of the enemy, it is not easy to occupy one of the golden empires. Although the Mali Empire and Songhai Empire in West Africa are not too strong, they are not muddy. Although the local indigenous people are not as good as the European army in terms of equipment and combat power, they have the advantage of being at home and adapt to the hot local climate. They are not without the ability to resist.

For Spain and Portugal, on the hot African continent, it is very difficult to cross thousands of mountains and rivers and send thousands or tens of thousands of soldiers and horses and a large amount of supplies to the inland.

What's more, if you want to control the gold origin of West Africa, you need to destroy the two great empires, the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. If you want to control Great Zimbabwe, you must first destroy the small coastal country established by the Swahili (a mix of Arabs and blacks) off the coast of Mozambique, and then go deeper inland to attack Great Zimbabwe. At the same time, transporting troops from the mainland to the coast of Mozambique is also very troublesome. After all, there are thousands of mountains apart. Transporting the army by ship is very restricted.

As long as Spain and Portugal fall into these two pits, then Marin can secretly expand in the Americas. At the same time, by the way from Panama to Daming route.

Although it is said that from Panama to Daming, the distance may be a little farther, and the road of Cape of Good Hope is not approached. However, this route, because it is east-west, can make full use of the monsoon, and it will take less time than the Cape of Good Hope. Unlike the route of the Cape of Good Hope, the direction of the wind is always changed, and the wind goes down for a while, and then goes against the wind for a while.

...

After sending the letter, Marin began to handle official duties.

Prime Minister Jeffrey came to Marin's office and asked Marin what to do with the ship's paper. After all, the amount of paper on that ship is very large.

Because of the low cost, the craftsmen of the shipyard pursued thick. As a result, the paper is made thicker. Ordinary 1 square meter sheet of large white paper, a single sheet weighs 60 grams, and a knife (100 sheets) weighs 6 kilograms.

This time Cape Breton Island sent a little more paper, just big white paper, there were 10,000 knives. In addition, there is a thousand sword oil paper.

The weight of whale oil paper is even greater. One piece of one square meter of high-quality whale oil paper weighs 7.5 kg. In other words, the total weight of 10,000 knives of thick white paper and 1,000 knives of whale oil paper reached 67.5 tons.

Jeffrey was a little worried, not knowing how to use the paper, so he asked Marin to decide.

After thinking about it, Marin decided to buy a lead type printing machine (invented by the German Johannes Gutenberg around 1450) to print a hundred Bibles. Then, print a batch of textbooks for noble schools.

As for the artisan school on civilians, Marin does not intend to print textbooks for them. Because, that's too dazzling. You know, in Europe at this time, paper is still very expensive and belongs to luxury goods. It would be too eye-catching to get a textbook for children in civilian schools. Therefore, Marin decided to print one textbook per class for civilian children. For the rest, write in the sandbox for the time being, the one that saves the most money ...

In addition, according to a report previously mentioned by Jeffrey, Marin decided to promote paper invoices in the Eastern Friesland and Oldenburg countries, as well as the Principality of Schleswig.

The so-called invoice is the receipt of payment. As for why Marin promotes paper invoices, it is because a previous report by Jeffrey stated that some unlawful tax collectors used existing taxation without a certificate to levy multiple taxes on some merchants and blackmail blackmail.

The crux of the problem is that unless it is a big businessman, the amount of goods and the amount of tax payment are large, the tax officer will issue an invoice made of parchment. And those small businessmen, who were originally small businesses, paid low taxes, and naturally did not need expensive parchment vouchers.

Therefore, some unscrupulous tax collectors use small merchants to pay taxes, without having to issue invoice credentials, denying that the poor small merchants have paid taxes and repeated taxation.

However, those small businessmen can't produce evidence of paying taxes. Because, they do not have invoice proof ...

Therefore, many small traders can only be extorted by some illegal tax collectors. The excessive taxes naturally fall into the pockets of illegal tax collectors.

This situation is very detrimental to the development of domestic commerce. However, Marin had no way before. The small businessmen said that they had paid taxes, but they couldn't produce the bills. It is undoubtedly necessary to lose a lawsuit.

And if the vouchers issued to those small vendors are made of parchment paper or the previous expensive paper, the cost is too high. So ~ www.novelhall.com ~ this problem has always been difficult to solve.

But now it is different. The paper mills on Cape Breton Island can mass produce cheap paper. At this time, it is time to quit the paper invoice.

Because of the low cost of paper, Marin can issue a large number of invoices to each tax officer, allowing them to issue invoices after each tax. Although there is no carbon paper, Marin can ask the tax officer to issue two copies, one for keeping documents and one for the merchant as a receipt. In this way, when checking the finance, it is very convenient, lest some greedy tax collectors take advantage of it. Moreover, ordinary businessmen also avoid being bullied by tax collectors, which is conducive to market prosperity.

At the same time, using invoices of cheap paper to replace a small amount of parchment bill vouchers can also save a lot of costs.

However, the invoice paper obviously does not need 60 grams per square meter of standard writing paper, as long as 45 grams per square meter of C grade paper (A grade paper is 75 grams per square meter; B grade paper is 60 grams per square meter; C grade paper is 45 grams Per square meter) is sufficient.

Marin decided to notify Cape Breton Island Paper Mills to produce more C and other papers for delivery next time, and then cut and staple them into invoices and promote them to tax officials in various cities and towns to strengthen tax management and make them under the rule of The country, the market order is orderly, let the economy develop healthily ...