Chapter 1801： Cast iron cannon and raise the threshold

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The artisans of the Ming dynasty were still relatively smart. However, they had not received systematic education since childhood, and all their knowledge basically came from masters or their fathers and fathers. Therefore, it is difficult to make great achievements in the future. However, some very easy things can still be figured out. For example, a big craftsman named Xu Kuan in the battle of the war was thinking about casting cannons with iron.

After all, iron is much cheaper than copper. If the iron casting gun is successful, the material cost alone can save a lot of money. You should know that copper in the Ming Dynasty can be directly cast into coins and circulated. A thousand pounds of copper means a thousand pounds of coins. Therefore, casting iron guns is the most economical option.

For this reason, Xu Kuan and his apprentices deliberately pinched dozens more when making clay molds. Then, after the copper gun was cast, he applied to Zhang Quan, the **** of his superior, to try to cast the gun with iron. Zhang Quan is the son of Zhang Yongqian, who is in charge of the affairs of the military battle. He also felt that using iron to cast cannons saved money than using copper, so he agreed to allocate iron materials to let Xu Kuan and others try.

But this attempt was not ideal. There were dozens of clay molds and the final artillery was actually only 3 qualified. Moreover, after firing for many rounds, the bottom of the gun body became soft due to overheating, and two of them also appeared in the blasting chamber, causing 3 gunners to die on the spot and 5 others were seriously injured. Fortunately, the Ming dynasty did not treat the lower soldiers as human beings, and no one cared about the few dead.

In the end, Xu Kuan realized that the technology of iron casting guns is more difficult, and if you want to be safe, you must also increase the thickness of the gun body, especially the thickness of the tail gun body, to avoid bombing.

However, if you want to come up with mature artillery and casting technology, you still need to go a long way ...

Marin did not know what happened in the Ming Dynasty. In fact, the Beihai nation already had the ability to cast iron and steel. For example, those heavy artillery pieces are basically made of low-carbon steel.

However, in order to control the technology, Marin did not let others know that his artillery was made of iron, and deliberately used copper guns on the export artillery. Without him, it is just raising the threshold of use.

You should know that using copper to cast cannons on a large scale is not something that most people can afford. After all, copper prices in Europe are more expensive and costly. Marlin deliberately used copper casting cannons, which is also raising the threshold of artillery equipment-want to equip cannons? Do you have money to cast? When I heard that a lot of copper casting guns were to be used, the poor monarchs would immediately give up ... Then, only those who can really equip the artillery on a large scale, only the local tyrants ... Then, only those few that Marin needs to focus on A local tyrant opponent, the difficulty is much reduced ...

In fact, this set, the old beauty of later generations, played the most slippery. Why do the old and the United States keen to engage in advanced fighter jets and missiles? Because ordinary countries can't do it ... only electronic technology can't be played in the 20th century China, let alone those ordinary countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Because everyone can't play, so in the end, everyone can only spend a lot of money to buy advanced weapons with Laomei ...

But in fact, the whole world has been distorted by the old beauty-is it really necessary to equip an advanced fighter with a cost of two or three hundred million US dollars? Is it really necessary to use advanced missiles that cost millions of dollars each?

In fact, it is not necessary at all!

Lao Mei deliberately promotes and raises technical standards, in fact, to mislead countries-look, you should use my good weapon, everything else is garbage ...

But in fact, many times, those very advanced weapons are not necessary at all ...

If it is an ultra-long-range precision strike, it does require those highly sophisticated advanced weapons. But what about ordinary regional friction? Does it take millions of dollars or even tens of millions of dollars in advanced missiles to fire? No need at all ...

As a simple example, two very small poor countries in Africa have fought each other because of border friction. The two countries are very small, let alone use missiles, that is, they can cover each other's entire territory with artillery. At this time, is it necessary to use advanced cruise missiles with GPS satellite positioning? No need at all!

Such conflicts between small countries do not require any advanced missiles or advanced fighter jets. Moreover, these two gadgets can't be used by ordinary countries-after a few more rounds, the country will go bankrupt ...

At this time, it was something like a Katyusha rocket artillery, especially suitable for regional conflicts-brainless launching a wave of rockets, finishing work ... As for the cost ... The cost of a Tomahawk missile is a few hundred Ten thousand dollars, and ordinary rockets are thousands of dollars. If it is not a long-range strike, but a close-range conflict, the fool will use that precise missile.

In fact, rockets are missiles that do not have electronic equipment such as guidance systems installed, and vice versa. If it were n’t for a special rocket like the “Guardian” with a range of hundreds of kilometers, the cost of the rocket would be incredible. However, in head-on conflicts, the difference is not that great.

For example, when encountering the main enemy cluster on the frontal battlefield, the effect of rockets and missiles carrying ordinary warheads is actually not much different. Unless it is used to precisely strike the enemy's headquarters, the difference can be seen. If you want to destroy the enemy, you must use rockets. After all, it is powerful enough and cheap.

Don't look at the "guard" rockets, which have a range of two or three hundred kilometers in the later generations, cost as much as $ 100,000, but if they are ordinary ordinary rockets with no range extension and no electronic equipment upgrades, the cost is scary. Marin remembered that he had heard that during the conflict with the Vietnamese monkeys in the last century, the cost of a 109 rocket was just over one hundred ...

Of course, at that time, everyone's salary was also low, and the average monthly salary was only dozens of dollars. But a rocket is equivalent to one or two months' salary for ordinary people. Thousands of dollars will be put on later generations.

Think about it. On the frontal battlefield, hundreds of thousands of troops are fighting. Do you use several million-dollar missiles to bombard the enemy cost-effectively, or do you use hundreds of rockets of the same value to make it cost-effective?

Although the battle of cutting-edge weapons is indispensable in the war, in fact, the real main force in the war is the kind of low-cost, energy-producing high-power weapons that are most popular.

Just like in World War II, why did the Germans lose to the Soviet Union later? The German Tiger tanks are indeed very good, but the Soviet army does not compete with you in technology, let's compare the number ... Although the T34 is not as powerful as the Tiger tank, it is easy to produce, low cost, and large output! You dispatched hundreds of Tiger tanks, I dispatched thousands of T34s, and beat you to death ...

The seemingly advanced f22 fighter jet with a cost of 290 million US dollars is certainly powerful. But in fact, it is not necessarily invincible. Not to mention, if a batch of low-cost UAVs are used in air combat, there is a chance that they will be destroyed. And how cheap is the drone? Even if dozens of drones are lost in exchange for shooting down an f22, it is a big profit. In short, I can afford it, you cannot afford it. It's really not possible. I can also use low-cost and powerful missiles to destroy your airport, make you nowhere to land, and even die with the airport ...

Therefore, sometimes, weapons that seem to be lagging behind, but with low cost and suitable for mass production, can determine the victory or defeat of the battlefield even more.

Because, on the battlefield, there is always a loss of weapons. If you only equip a few advanced weapons, once there is a problem, the combat effectiveness will be lost. And even if someone loses a few behind-the-scenes weapons, it does n’t hurt. Moreover, the amount of people is large, not afraid of loss ...

Of course, advanced weapons are still needed. It is best to use advanced weapons with energy-produced secondary weapons. In other words, advanced weapons are used to deal with advanced weapons. Those mass-produced weapons are the main force that really kills the enemy.

But why no matter whether it is Lao Mei, Mao Zi, or Hua Xia, later generations like to engage in expensive advanced weapons? Without him, it raises the threshold for weapons production and trade.

The threshold has been raised, and most countries have been refused. The profits are naturally shared by the remaining large amount.

But when a large-scale war really takes place, low-cost, mass-producible weapons with great lethality are the first choice. At that time, you will find that many expensive and impractical parts of those fighter jets and missiles will be removed, and the entire weapon becomes simple and efficient. After all, the ability to "regenerate" is the most important indicator of war.

For example, in World War II, why did the devil eventually lose to Lao Mei? Because Shenzi's aircraft carrier Shen is a ship, and Laomei's side, the aircraft carrier can't stop launching like dumplings. I will make up for the loss of one ship, and the devil can't make up for it.

...

Therefore, the main force of war is often not the most advanced weapons, but the next advanced, but energy-producing things. Of course, some of the most advanced weapons are needed to deal with the enemy's most advanced weapons. Only in this way can the war be fought.

As for the technical competition of fighters that will be carried out in the future, to put it bluntly, it is to raise the threshold and fool the fool. And * is very clear-I do n’t play the technical competition of ordinary weapons with you, I specialize in nuclear bombs. Do you have f22? I have a nuclear bomb! Do you have f35? I have a nuclear bomb! Do you have b2? I have a nuclear bomb! I can kill you with just one move ...

Moreover, Russia later became poor and could not afford a technical competition. Therefore, with this almost rogue approach, the old beauty who deliberately provokes the competition has no temper. After all, the development of a nuclear bomb alone costs less and has a good effect ...

But Hua Xia, it seems a bit of a magic obstacle, have to do this and that. But in fact, it's not even more cost-effective to just build a big killer. However, later China had money, but it could keep up. Moreover, incidentally, you can stimulate A San and waste A San's money ...

...

All in all, Marin is now mainly promoting copper guns, not because iron guns are bad, but to raise the threshold-if you want to engage in an arms race with me, do you have the money to buy so much copper?

In this way, most of the poor monarchs and poor princes in Europe were forced to withdraw from the artillery equipment competition, leaving only the rich and powerful countries to participate.

The other is that the iron die casting gun method that Marin engages is very suitable for rapid casting of copper guns ~ www.novelhall.com ~ can be quickly mass-produced, which is very convenient. When you need to fight, you can burst the output at any time to let your opponent know what is the cannon washing ...

However, in the Ming Dynasty, because of the cost, and the craftsmen were also clever, it was normal for them to engage in iron cannons.

In fact, Marin, who read history, knew that the Ming dynasty first learned to cast copper cannons with the Portuguese in Macao, and then developed its own iron cannons. As a result, the Macao Bugarao Foundry Factory also hired Chinese-made artillery craftsmen to study iron casting art in the Ming Dynasty. Before this, the Portuguese had been using copper casting cannons.

The red cannons sold by the Portuguese to the Ming Dynasty in the late Ming Dynasty were not made by themselves, but were 18-pound Kefir cannons salvaged from a sunken British warship. After all, Britain is rich in coal and iron resources, but lacks copper, so it was forced to develop iron casting guns in the 16th century.

The people of the Ming Dynasty were very capable of learning. After all, they had not been educated by the people of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, although the artisans of the Ming Dynasty were not highly educated, their creativity was okay. Like the Hongyi Cannon, the first batch was bought from the Portuguese in Macau. But later, the court was able to cast the Hongyi cannon by itself. However, afterwards, a group of artillery craftsmen were taken away by the Manchurian Qing Dynasty. Instead, they created conveniences for the Manchurian siege ... but what made people speechless was that by the Opium War 200 years later, the firearms level of the Qing Dynasty was still the end of the Ming Dynasty Level of ...